INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMHD Do security prices reflect information Why look at market efficiency Implications for business and corporate finance Implications for investment

Discussion Points How to measure returns? How to choose benchmark? How to adjust for risk? Performance attribution. Active return and risk

Predictions and applications CAPM: in market equilibrium, investors are only rewarded for bearing the market risk; APT: in the absence of arbitrage, investors are only rewarded for bearing the factor risk Applications: ---professional portfolio managers: evaluating security returns and

Discount model is in terms of conditional moments The first order condition is,u'( BE, [u'(c )x 1] The expectation is conditional expectation on investor's time t information; The basic pricing equation is P, =E, (m +1X1+)

Consumption-Based Model and Basic Pricing model Basic question to decide for an investor: (1) how much to save; (2)how much to consume; (3)what portfolio of assets to hold. Pricing equation come from the first order condition for this decision

Outline MM ean-variance analysis; ean-variance analysis and utility maximization; Does high moment matter?

Introduction Overview of investment styles; Empirical evidence on returns of small capitalization firms and value stocks; How to identify investment styles of a mutual fund Characteristic-based style analysis Return-based style analysis Style benchmarks

Fourth Edition Advantages of the Single Index Model Reduces the number of inputs for diversification. Portfolio of 50 assets 50 expected returns;50 variances 1225 covariance. too difficult a task

INVESTMENTS Two-Security Portfolio: Return rp =W+W2r2 W Proportion of funds in Security 1 W2 Proportion of funds in Security 2 =Expected return on Security 1

INVESTMENTS h Ealiti Risky Investments with Risk-Free Irrvestrent