SCMC Heart structure Heart is an complex spatial structure Differences in the pathophysiology of cardiac disease Pediatrics: congenital heart disease Adults: atherosclerotic heart disease

一、占先心病20~30%,女性多见 二、成人期最常见的先心病

病因 疾病影响: ①急慢性感染:迁延性腹泻 ②先天畸形:唇裂、腭裂、幽门肥大性狭窄、 先心,由于摄入↓,消耗↑ 喂养不当: 婴幼儿期生长发育迅速,需要增加,如只喂淀粉,缺少蛋白质、脂肪,不及时添加副食

一、小儿最常见先心病,占先心病20~25% 二、定义:室间隔的发育不良或发育障碍 三、室间隔缺损分类:

概貌 Outline 是一种小血管炎 A kind of vasculitis of small vessels 以皮肤紫癜、关节痛、积液、腹痛、便血、血 尿和蛋白尿为主要临床特征 Characterized clinically by purpura, arthralgia ,articular effusion, abdominal pain, hemafecia

Definition Bacteremia: Bacteria invade into blood temporarily with flora <100 CFU/ml in blood XSepticemia or Sepsis: Pathogens (bacteria or fungi) invade into blood, proliferate greatly, and release endotoxin XToxemia:

概念 意外伤害(Unintentional Injury):突然发生的事件对人体 所造成的肉体和精神上的伤害,原因包括物理、化 学和生物等各种因素,是儿童致伤、致残、致死的 主要原因之一 1985年美国国家儿童卫生与人类发展研究所(NICHD) 学术会议对意外伤害的定义和分类进行标准化 国际疾病分类(ICD-10)将其列为单独一类疾病

Overview Definition of Accidental Trauma: Accident, Unexpected, Injuries Physically and/or Psychologically Causes: physical, chemical, and biological factors Main cause of mutilation and death in children globally

Definition PEM is a kind of malnutrition caused by inadequate dietary intake or some diseases, occurs commonly in children under 3 years of age. Kwashiorkor Marasmus

Vitamin D roles Facilitate intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus Promote renal reabsorption of phosphorus Direct effect on bone deposition and reabsorption of calcium and phosphorus Maintain calcium and phosphorus homeostasis