第一章绪论 一、什么是地史学(Historical Geology)地史学也称历史地质学,是研究地球地质历史及其发展规律的科学,具体包括地球(岩 石圈、水圈、气圈、生物圈)的形成,古地理 的变迁、板块的离合及地球的不同圈层(包括 宇宙圈)间的相互作用等。在空间上所涉及的 范围已经扩大到了全球大陆,海洋和深部岩石 圈,在时间上已经追溯了40亿年左右。 地史学是一门历史性均很强的学科

REGIONAL STRESS REGIMES (ANDERSON THEORY OF FAULTING) 2 is located parallel to the fault plane, normal to the direction of slipl 3 is located normal to o, and o2/ Earth's surface is a principal plane of stress Ideal fault geometry

1.求两平面交线的产状 第一,据已知的两平面产状, 在吴氏网上分别求出其投影大圆弧 AHB和CID。两大圆弧的交点β即为 两平面交线与下半球面交点的投影 第二,作β与圆心O的连线, 交基圆于P点,P点的方位角即两平 面交线的倾伏向,Pβ间的角距为 交线的倾伏角

一、褶皱作用的基本概念及其类型 1.1褶皱作用的基本概念褶皱的形成方式与其受力状态、变形环境及岩层的变形行为密切相关。从褶皱过程中岩层的变形行为来看,可把褶皱分为主动褶皱和被动褶皱两类

CONSTRUCTION OF VERTICAL SECTION 1 Select the location of the section and draw a section line (usually perpendicular to the strike of the main structures), right-hand end is its more easterly end 2 Draw a topographic profile along the line of section. Determine the base line on the squared

一、纵弯褶皱作用的应变特征 1.1单层纵弯褶皱作用的基本应变特征中和面褶皱作用压扁作用

Force Force is a kind of mechanical action between different objects, it tends to change the shape, volume or movement state of the object with a force upon it. Force is a vector quantity, and thus possesses both magnitude and direction; it can be represented by an arrow whose length specifies the magnitude and whose

Classification of folds (continue) Based on four main features or properties: 1 direction of closing and facing 2 attitude of axial surface 3 size of inter-limb angle, and 4 shape of profile 5 dip isogons

一、褶皱作用的基本概念及其类型 1.1褶皱作用的基本概念 褶皱的形成方式与其受力状态、变形环境及岩层的变形行为密切相关。从褶皱过程中岩层的变形行为来看,可把褶皱分为主动褶皱和被动褶皱两类

Extensional Fault Systems A- Evolutionary model illustrating progressive extension accommodated by block rotation above a low-angle extensional fault. B-Listric fault with hangingwall rollover anticline. Area and B are equal. C-Flat/ramp geometry of fault produces geometrically necessary folding in hangingwall