3.1图形的几何变换 为了使图形几何变换的形式规范,其矩阵变换适合硬件方式实现,现 在一般都在齐次坐标系中对图形进行几何变换。二维齐次坐标系的定义如 二维平面中的一个点P(x,y),在齐次坐标系中可表示成P(wx,wy,wz,w) ,其中w是一个不为0的常量;反过来,只要能给定一个点的齐次坐标 P(x’,y’,w),就能得到这个点的二维直角坐标x=x’/w,y=y/w在本 小节中w总取常数1(即齐次坐标的“归一化”)

Internet Protocol (IP) Unreliable Connectionless Best-effort delivery No error checking

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CLASSFUL ADDRESSING OTHER ISSUES A SAMPLE INTERNET

Real-Time Transport Protocol Real-time traffic v.S. multimedia traffic Real-time communication is the almost simultaneous production and use of the data, ignoring the short delay in transmission

Introduction This chapter describes the general concept of remote file access and reviews the concepts underlying a particular remote access mechanism Because the remote file access mechanism derives many ideas and details from the underlying OS, the chapter reviews the Linux file system and the semantics of file operations

Introduction X Focuses on the structure of programs that use RPC, and shows how program can be divided along procedure boundaries Introduces the stub procedure concept and a program generator tool that automates much of the code generation associated with ONC RPC

CONTENTS CONNECTIONS COMMUNICATION COMMAND PROCESSING FILE TRANSFER SIMPLE FTP Assignment

CONTENTS THE OSI MODEL LAYERS IN THE OSI MODEL TCPIP PROTOCOL SUITE ADDRESSING Tcp/IP VERSIONS CSIE, NTUT, TAIWAN

Multiple Threads Master thread for connection requests Slave threads for handling communication with clients Thread of execution: an abstraction of independent computation Single process can contain one or more threads CSIE, NTUT, Taiwan

Conceptual Server Algorithm Simple Server Algorithm Create a socket Bind the socket to the port Enter an infinite loop Accept request Process request Reply request Not enough in practice generally