The second edition ofthe Fermentation andBiochemica1 Engineer￾ing Handbook, like the previous edition, is intended to assist the develop￾ment, design and production engineer who is engaged in the fermentation industry. Particular emphasis is give to those unit operations most frequently encountered in the commercial production ofchemicals and pharmaceuticals via fermentation

The drying operation is often the final step of a manufacturing process. Indirect drying will be discussed in this section; it is the process of removing liquid by conductive heat transfer. Sometimes drymg is apart ofthe manufacturing process itself, as in the case of seasoning oftimber or in paper making, but generally, the reasons for carrying out a drying operation are:

Common, everyday water is a major consideration in a pharmaceu￾tical plant. The final product or any of its intermediate materials can only be as contaminant-free as the water available at that stage. Water may be an ingredient or used principally to wash and rinse product contact components and equipment. Water is also used to humidiethe air, to generate clean steam for sterilization, to cool or heat, as a solvent, for drinking and sanitary uses, etc. To better control this critical media

“Evaporation is the removal of solvent as a vapor from a solution or slurry. The vapor may or may not be recovered, depending on its value. The end product may be a solid, but the transfer of heat in the evaporator must be to a solution or a suspension of the solid in liquid if the apparatus is not to be classed as a dryer. Evaporators are similar to stills or re-boilers of distillation

must also consider heating andor cooling requirements as well as to deliver the desired head pressure to overcome hydraulic pressure drop. Operating costs must also consider equipment maintenance, cost of cleaning chemicals and labor costs

The introduction of fluidfoil impellers, as shown in Fig. 9a through 9f, give a wide variety of mixing conditions suitable for high flow and low fluid shear rates. Fluidfoil impellers use the principles developed in airfoil work in wind tunnels for aircraft. Figure 10a shows what is desirable, which is no form separation of the fluid, and maximum lift and drag coefficients, which is what one is trying to achieve with the fluidfoil impellers. Figure 10b shows

When designing a fermenter, one primary consideration is the removal of heat. There is a practical limit to the square feet of cooling surface that can be achieved from a tank jacket and the amount of coils that can be placed inside the tank. The three sources of heat to be removed are from the cooling of media after batch sterilization, from the exothermic fermentation process

第一章: 中国知识产权建设 第二章: 专利基本知识 第三章: 专利文献知识 第四章: 专利利用策略 第五章: 日本企业专利保护举例 第六章: 国家和北京市专利政策信息

第一节 菌种的分离筛选 第二节 培养分离 第三节 工业微生物育种 第四节 菌种的保藏及活化

2. 分析简单蒸馏过程: 分析是否可以用简单蒸馏的方法从 7%(质量分数)的乙醇发酵液制得75%(质量分数)的医用 酒精? 如果可以, 最多可以得到多少