Registers, formed from collection of flip -flops, are used to store or manipulate data or both. Input and output function associated with registers include Parallel input/ Parallel output Serial input/ Serial output Parallel input/ Serial output OSerial input parallel output
simple counters Counting is a fundamental function of digital circuits. A digital counter consists of a collection of flip-flops that change states (set or reset) in a prescribed sequence
FLIP-FLOPS Flip-flops are digital devices that have the ability to store binary information after the excitation input has changed. They are considered to be the basic memory cell for the majority of electronic binary data storage applications. This section explores the flip-flop from a functional perspective
Hazard o Boolean algebra does not account for propagation delays through signal paths of actually circuits. o The delay can cause glitches to occur. A glitch is an unwanted signal, usually short pulse caused by the transient behavior of signal path that have different delays A hazard exists any time the potential for glitches is present