• 效率的含义 • 效率与竞争性市场 • 供给、需求与效率 • 成本—收益分析

Structure Definition When to provide a public good Efficient provision Private provision: free-riding Variable quantities of public good -Efficient amount Free-riding problem How to provide public goods? Demand revelation

Contents Dominant strategy Nash equilibrium Prisoner's' dilemma and repeated games Multiple equilibria and sequential games Pure and mixed strategies

How Should a Monopoly Price? So far a monopoly has been thought of as a firm which has to sell its product at the same price to every customer. This is uniform pricing. Can price-discrimination-(差别定价 ) earn monopoly higher profits?

Structure Definition Consumption externality Production externality The tragedy of commons

Introduction What is International Economics about? International Economics: Trade and Money

Introduction A Standard Model of Trading Economy International Transfers of Income: Shifting the RD Curve Tariffs and Export Subsidies: Simultaneous Shifts in RS and RD Summary Appendix: Representing International Equilibrium with Offer Curves

Chapter organization Introduction International Labor mobility International Borrowing and Lending Direct Foreign Investment and Multinational Firms Summary Appendix: More on Intertemporal Trade

Chapter Organization Introduction The Case for Free Trade National Welfare Arguments against Free Trade Income Distribution and Trade Policy International Negotiations and Trade Policy Summary Appendix: Proving that the Optimum Tariff is Positive

Chapter Organization Introduction Exchange Rates and International Transactions The Foreign Exchange Market The Demand for Foreign Currency Assets Equilibrium in the Foreign Exchange Market Interest Rates, Expectations, and Equilibrium Summary