Contents Dominant strategy Nash equilibrium Prisoner’s dilemma and repeated games Multiple equilibria and sequential games Pure and mixed strategies

Structure Non-collusive moves – Simultaneous moves Quantity competition –Cournot model Price competition – Bertrand model – Sequential moves Quantity leadership – Stakelberg model Price leadership Collusion

Structure What causes monopoly Profit-maximizing choices of monopoly Markup pricing Taxing a monopoly Inefficiency of monopoly Natural monopoly (自然垄断)

Structure Market supply Short-run supply and equilibrium Long-run supply and equilibrium Long-run implications for taxation Fixed inputs and economic rent (经济租金)

Structure Market environments Market demand for a competitive firm Short-run supply decision Upward sloping MC curve Shut-down condition Long-run supply decision Comparing long-run and short-rundecisions. Producer’s surplus and profits

Structure The cost minimization problem Average costs Returns to scale and total and average costs Short run and long run costs

The Concept of Investment For a one period investment, the ROR can be evaluated each year. For investments that generate returns in many periods, there are two ways of describing the rate of return

OTHER GOOD Rebating a Consumption tax based on inder RTP initial consumption RTP budget constraint Baseline

Quasi-linear Indifference preferences curves Final budget line Original budget Pivot Substitution effect=total effect

北京大学：《中级微观经济学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿，英文版）Indifference curves（主讲：赵耀辉）