Attributes – Any property of a programming language construct such as The data type of a variable The value of an expression The location of a variable in memory
A stack-based environment will result in a dangling reference when the procedure is exited if a local variable in a procedure can be returned to the caller The simplest example:
The memory of a typical computer: A register area; Addressable Random access memory (RAM): A code area; A data area. The code area is fixed prior to execution, and can be visualized as follows:
Assuming two bytes for integers, four bytes for addresses, one byte for character and eight bytes for double-precision floating point, we would have the following offset values:
