1. In the following choice, which is not the principle of accounting sytems? A. Cost-effective balance C. Internal control B. Effective reporting D. Conservation

In specifying refrigeration equipment the function of the equipment must be absolutely clear. Refrigeration equipment is always used to control tem- perature. Either the meat passing through the process is to be maintained it its initial temperature, for example as in a refrigerated store or a packing operation, or the temperature of the meat is to be reduced, for example in a blast freezer. These two functions

Reference input -II 16. 3117-23 On page 17-5, compensator implemented with a reference command y changing to feedback on e(t=r(t-y(t) rather than -y(t)

Weighting Matrix Selection a good rule of thumb when selecting the weighting matrices Rxx (or Ru and R uu is to normalize

Bounded gain There exist very easy ways of testing(analytically) whether S Gu)< SISO Bounded Gain Theorem: Gain of generic stable system

MIMO Systems Singular Value Decomposition Multivariable Frequency Response Plots Copyright 2001 by Jonathan How

Closed-loop system analysis Robustness State-space -eigenvalue analysis Frequency domain- Nyquist theorem Sensitivity Copyright 2001 by Jonathan How

State-Space Systems Open-loop Estimators Closed-loop Estimators Observer Theory (no noise)-Luenberger IEEE TAC Vol 16, No. 6, pp. 596-602, December 1971 Estimation Theory(with noise)-Kalman Copyright [2001 by JOnathan dHow

State-Space Systems e Ful-state feedback Control How do we change the poles of the state-space system? Or, even if we can change the pole locations Where do we change the pole locations to? How well does this approach work?

Learning objectives Understand the importance of good project cost management Explain basic cost management principles, concepts, and terms Describe the resource planning, cost estimating, cost budgeting, and cost control processes