I2体系湿法冶金 第六组:葛婧雯李思琦王小莫
I2 /I-体系湿法冶金 第六组：葛婧雯 李思琦 王小莫
氰化法浸取金 4Au+O2+8CN-+ 2H2O-4Au(Cn)2+ 40H q(Au+/Au)=1.692V o(Au(n)2/Au) 0.61VIl] CN的环境隐患2 不适用于低品位金矿倒 []JA.迪安,兰氏化学手册(第二版),北京:科学出版社,8.135 [2]GB/T32123-2015,含氰废水处理处置规范 3]SS. Konyratbekova et al., Miner Process Extr. Metall. Rev., 2014, 36, 198-212
氰化法浸取金 [1] J.A. 迪安, 兰氏化学手册（第二版）, 北京：科学出版社, 8.135. [2] GB/T 32123-2015, 含氰废水处理处置规范. [3] S.S. Konyratbekova et al., Miner. Process Extr. Metall. Rev., 2014, 36, 198-212. φ (Au+ /Au) = 1.692V φ (Au(CN)2 - /Au) = - 0.61V[1] 4Au + O2 + 8CN- + 2H2O → 4Au(CN)2 - + 4OH- • CN-的环境隐患[2] • 不适用于低品位金矿[3]
部分卤素(拟卤素)-金①)配合物/金的标准电极电势 P(Au(Cn)2/Au)=-0.61V 0(Aul2/Au)=0.576V P(Au(SCN)2 Au)=0.69V 0(AuB2/Au)=0.96V 标准电极电势升高 o(Aucl2-IAu)=1.15V
部分卤素(拟卤素)-金(Ⅰ)配合物/金的标准电极电势 φ (Au(CN)2 - /Au) = -0.61V φ (AuI2 - /Au) = 0.576V φ (Au(SCN)2 - /Au) = 0.69V φ (AuBr2 - /Au) = 0.96V φ (AuCl2 - /Au) = 1.15V 标 准 电 极 电 势 升 高
2体系浸取金 2Au+13+→2Aul2 (Aul2/Au)=0.576Vg(I3)=0.535V C(Aul2-)<10-5 mol/L c(I)<102moL1/10<c(12)c()<121 0(Aul2/Au)=0.576+0.0592lg(105/(102)2)=0476V 0(13)=0.535+002961g(103/(102)=0.624V [4]CJ. Liang and J.Y. Li, Sep. Sci. Technol., 2018, 54, 1055-1066
I2 /I-体系浸取金 [4] C.J. Liang and J.Y. Li, Sep. Sci. Technol., 2018, 54, 1055-1066. 2Au + I3 - +I- → 2AuI2 - φ (AuI2 - /Au) = 0.576V φ (I3 - /I- ) = 0.535V c(AuI2 - ) < 10-5 mol/L c(I- ) < 10-2 mol/L 1/10 < c(I2 )/c(I- ) < 1/2[4] φ(AuI2 - /Au) = 0.576 + 0.0592lg(10-5 /(10-2 ) 2 ) = 0.476V φ(I3 - /I- ) = 0.535 + 0.0296lg(10-3 /(10-2 ) 3 ) = 0.624V ？
2/体系浸取金的条件控制 c(Lyc(I 2Au+13+→2AuL2 1.5 Aul HAuo 固液比 S ac c(r)≈102 mol/L Aul Au 1/10<c(2c(I)<1/2 0.5 1/10<v(s)v()<1/5 6810121416 pH=7-11 Figure 2. Eh-pH diagram for the gold-iodide system for [Au= 10-M and [ 10 M(recreated from [43342 2Cu2++5I→2CuI+I 313+6OH→1O3+8I+3H2O 图1Au-体系的电势ph图(c(Au)=105mo, c()=10-2 mol/L)!]
I2 /I-体系浸取金的条件控制 2Au + I3 - +I- → 2AuI2 - ↑ ↑ ↑ s aq aq 固液比 ↓ ↓ c(I2 )/c(I- ) c(I- ) ≈ 10-2 mol/L 1/10 < c(I2 )/c(I- ) < 1/2 1/10 < v(s)/v(l) < 1/5 pH = 7-11 2Cu2+ + 5I- → 2CuI + I3 - 3I3 - + 6OH- → IO3 - + 8I- + 3H2O 图1 Au-I -体系的电势-pH图 (c(Au) = 10-5 mol/L, c(I- ) = 10-2 mol/L)[4]
2/体系浸取金的条件控制 c(Lyc(I Au(OH), 2Au+13+→2AuL2 固液比 S ac c(I)≈102moL 1/10<c(2c(I)<1/2 H2( 1/10<v(s)v()<1/5 14 pH=7-11 Fig. 2 Stability of the predominant species of gold in the Au-l-I2-H2O ystem(STABCAL software). The conditions for the diagram construc- 2Cu2++5I→2CuI+I tion were: 260 mg/L gold, 2g/L iodine, 12 g/L potassium iodide at 25C 313+6OH→1O3+8I+3H2O 图2Au-l2体系的电势pH图 5B. Altansukh et al., Mater. Trans., 2019, 60, 287-296
I2 /I-体系浸取金的条件控制 2Au + I3 - +I- → 2AuI2 - ↑ ↑ ↑ s aq aq 固液比 ↓ ↓ c(I2 )/c(I- ) c(I- ) ≈ 10-2 mol/L 1/10 < c(I2 )/c(I- ) < 1/2 1/10 < v(s)/v(l) < 1/5 pH = 7-11 2Cu2+ + 5I- → 2CuI + I3 - 3I3 - + 6OH- → IO3 - + 8I- + 3H2O 图2 Au-I2 -I -体系的电势-pH图[5] [5] B. Altansukh et al., Mater. Trans., 2019, 60, 287-296
2/体系浸取金的条件控制 辅助剂的使用 1.NH3 Aul2+2NH3→→Au(NH3)2+2r 2.H2O2 H2O2+3l→2OH+1 H2O浓度控制在1%附近,以使3少量再生
I2 /I-体系浸取金的条件控制 ∙ 辅助剂的使用 1. NH3 AuI2 - + 2NH3 → Au(NH3 )2 + 2I- 2. H2O2 H2O2 + 3I- → 2OH- + I3 - H2O2浓度控制在1%附近，以使I3 -少量再生[4]
2体系浸取金的收率 表1部分条件下I2/体系浸取金的收率 Source o waste Recovery References Printed Circuit The iodine concentration 1. 1%, n(l2): n(1 )=1: 10, 97.5%Au Board (PCB) HO2 concentration 1.5%o, the leaching time 4 h, the 2009a ratio of solid to liquid 1: 10, leaching gold at normal erature(25°C,pH=7 Printed Circuit The iodine concentration in anode solution is 0. 1%>95%Au Xu et al Board(PCB) 0.8%, n(I2) n(1)=1: 10, the cell voltage is 10-14V 2009b the gold concentration in cathode solution is 15-50 mg/L, the electrolyzing time is 1-4 h An oxide gold In a solution containing 20 g/L iodide and 4g/L 77% in 6h and 89%in 24h ore odine, at room temperature(25±1°C) 2012 Pregnant Elution of a resin column loaded with 1.13 gdm-395%Ar Zhang et solution Au, 0.005 M 1(1.02 M It, the leaching time 5 h, al.2012 at the ambient temperature(22C) concentrates iodine and iodide molar ratio of 1: 8, pH value of 7, iodide), 75% Au(with hydrogen iodide um Liet al. Gold Under the conditions of initial iodine content of 1%,90% Au(with ammonium iodide or potass 2013 iquid-solid ratio of 4: 1, stirring speed of 600 r/min, aching time of 4 h and temperature of 25C
I2 /I-体系浸取金的收率 表1 部分条件下I2 /I-体系浸取金的收率[2]
2/体系浸取金的选择性 表2经过清洗后的废旧印刷电路板的元素组成(w%) Air and Gas Circulator Precious metals Other metals Non-metal Au Ag pd Cu Al Fe Ni Zn Pb 0.050.250.020.220.480.70.040.071.6724.4 表3浸取液中各金属元素的浓度(mg/) Solid& Liquid Au Pd Cu Fe Ni Pb Zn 1121.3<134.515.03.02814.78.0 图3I2体系浸取装置图 6]M. Sahin et al., Sep. Sci. Technol., 2015, 50, 2587-2595
I2 /I-体系浸取金的选择性 表2 经过清洗后的废旧印刷电路板的元素组成(w%)[5] 表3 浸取液中各金属元素的浓度(mg/L)[5] [6] M. Sahin et al., Sep. Sci. Technol., 2015, 50, 2587-2595. 图3 I2 /I-体系浸取装置图[6]
电动力学方法 可用于渗透性差、 均质性差的矿石 中所含金的浸取 Source Reservoir Middle Reservoir Target Reservoir 外加电压E<30V 2Au+|+b→2 图4I2体系电动力学漫取示意图 [7E. Martens et al., Hydrometallurgy, 2018, 75, 70-78
电动力学方法 图4 I2 /I-体系电动力学浸取示意图[7] 可用于渗透性差、 均质性差的矿石 中所含金的浸取 外加电压E < 30V [7] E. Martens et al., Hydrometallurgy, 2018, 75, 70-78
