earning MATLAB Z MATLAB SIMULINK AThe MathWorks STUDENT VERSION
STUDENT VERSION Learning
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How to Contact The MathWorks www.mathworks.com Web comp.soft-sys matlab Newsgroup suggestemathworks com Product enhancement suggestions bugs@mathworks.com Bug reports docamathworks. com Documentation error reports ISBN0-9755787-090000 arning MATLAB o COPYRIGHT 1984-2004 by The Math Works, Inc. pied only under the trais document is furnished under a license agreement. The software may be used The software descr FEDERAL ACQUISITION This prent of the United States. By accepting delivery of the progra commercial computer software or commercial computer software documentation as such terms are used or defined in mentation the federal gover eeds or is inconsistent in any respect with federal procurement law, the government agrees to return the Program and Documentation, unused, to The Math Works, Inc. MATLAB, Simulink, Stateflow, Handle graphics, and Real-Time Workshop are registered trademarks, and Target Box is a trademark of The Math Works, Inc. Other product or brand are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Printing History: August 1999 First printing New mar January 2001 Second printing Revised for MATLAB 6.0(Release 12) November 2002 Third printing Revised for MATLAB 6.5 (Release 13) July 2004 Fourth printing Revised for MATLAB 7.0(Release 14)
How to Contact The MathWorks: www.mathworks.com Web comp.soft-sys.matlab Newsgroup suggest@mathworks.com Product enhancement suggestions bugs@mathworks.com Bug reports doc@mathworks.com Documentation error reports ISBN 0-9755787-090000 Learning MATLAB COPYRIGHT 1984 - 2004 by The MathWorks, Inc. The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement. The software may be used or copied only under the terms of the license agreement. No part of this manual may be photocopied or reproduced in any form without prior written consent from The MathWorks, Inc. FEDERAL ACQUISITION: This provision applies to all acquisitions of the Program and Documentation by, for, or through the federal government of the United States. By accepting delivery of the Program or Documentation, the government hereby agrees that this software or documentation qualifies as commercial computer software or commercial computer software documentation as such terms are used or defined in FAR 12.212, DFARS Part 227.72, and DFARS 252.227-7014. Accordingly, the terms and conditions of this Agreement and only those rights specified in this Agreement, shall pertain to and govern the use, modification, reproduction, release, performance, display, and disclosure of the Program and Documentation by the federal government (or other entity acquiring for or through the federal government) and shall supersede any conflicting contractual terms or conditions. If this License fails to meet the government's needs or is inconsistent in any respect with federal procurement law, the government agrees to return the Program and Documentation, unused, to The MathWorks, Inc. MATLAB, Simulink, Stateflow, Handle Graphics, and Real-Time Workshop are registered trademarks, and TargetBox is a trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. Other product or brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Printing History: August 1999 First printing New manual January 2001 Second printing Revised for MATLAB 6.0 (Release 12) November 2002 Third printing Revised for MATLAB 6.5 (Release 13) July 2004 Fourth printing Revised for MATLAB 7.0 (Release 14)
Contents Introducing the MATLAB simulink Student version Quick Start About the student version Student Use Policy Obtaining Additional MathWorks Products 15 Getting Started with MATLAB 1-6 Finding Reference Information 1-7 Troubleshooting Other resources 1-9 l-9 Math Works Web site 19 Math Works Academia Web site MATLAB and simulink based books 1-9 Math Works Store 1-9 MATLAB Central- File Exchange/Newsgroup Access 1-10 Technical Support 1-10 Product Registration 1-10 Differences between the student and Professional versions 1-11 MATLAB l-11 Symbolic Math Toolbox...... 1-12
i Contents 1 Introducing the MATLAB & Simulink Student Version Quick Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 About the Student Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Student Use Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Obtaining Additional MathWorks Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5 Getting Started with MATLAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6 Finding Reference Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8 Other Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9 MathWorks Web Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9 MathWorks Academia Web Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9 MATLAB and Simulink Based Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9 MathWorks Store . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9 MATLAB Central — File Exchange/Newsgroup Access . . . . . 1-10 Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10 Product Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10 Differences Between the Student and Professional Versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11 MATLAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11 Simulink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11 Symbolic Math Toolbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Installing the MATLAB simulink student version 2 Installing on Windows 2-2 2 Installing MAtLAB 2-3 Installing Additional Toolboxes Accessing the Online Documentation(Help) Installing on Mac OSX System Requirements 2-7 Installing MAtLAB 2-8 Installing Additional Toolboxes Accessing the Online Documentation(Help) 2-14 Mac os X Documentation 2-14 Installing on Linux ystem Requirements 2-15 Installing MATLAB Installing Additional Toolboxes 2-21 Accessing the Online Documentation(Help) Introduction 3 About matLAB and simulink 3-2 What is matlab? 3-2 What Is simulink? 3-4 MATLAB Documentation 3-5 MATLAB Online Help 3-5 Starting and quitting MATLAB Starting MATLAB quitting MAtLAB MATLAB Desktop 3-8
ii Contents 2 Installing the MATLAB & Simulink Student Version Installing on Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 Installing MATLAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Installing Additional Toolboxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 Accessing the Online Documentation (Help) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Installing on Mac OS X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 Installing MATLAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Installing Additional Toolboxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 Accessing the Online Documentation (Help) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 Mac OS X Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14 Installing on Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15 System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15 Installing MATLAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16 Installing Additional Toolboxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21 Accessing the Online Documentation (Help) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21 3 Introduction About MATLAB and Simulink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 What Is MATLAB? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 What Is Simulink? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 MATLAB Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 MATLAB Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 Starting and Quitting MATLAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 Starting MATLAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 Quitting MATLAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 MATLAB Desktop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Matrices and Arrays Matrices and Magic Squares 42 Entering Matrices sum,transpose, and diag Subscripts 4-6 The Colon Operator The magic Function 4-8 expressions 4-10 Variables 4-10 Nun 4-10 Functions 4-11 Examples of Expressions 4-13 Working with Matrices 4-14 Generating Matrices 414 The load Function 4-15 M-Files 4-15 Concatenation 4-16 Deleting Rows and colt umns 4-17 More About Matrices and arrays 4-18 Linear algebra 4-18 Arrays Multivariate data 4-24 Scalar Expansion Logical Subscripting The find Function 567 Controlling Command Window Input and Output 428 The format Function ..428 Suppressing Output 4-30 Entering Long Statements 4-30 Command Line Editing 4-30
iii 4 Matrices and Arrays Matrices and Magic Squares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 Entering Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 sum, transpose, and diag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 Subscripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6 The Colon Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 The magic Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8 Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11 Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11 Examples of Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13 Working with Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 Generating Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 The load Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15 M-Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15 Concatenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16 Deleting Rows and Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17 More About Matrices and Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18 Linear Algebra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18 Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21 Multivariate Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24 Scalar Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25 Logical Subscripting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26 The find Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27 Controlling Command Window Input and Output . . . . . . . 4-28 The format Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28 Suppressing Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30 Entering Long Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30 Command Line Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30
Graphics 5 Overview of MATLAB Plotting 2 The Plotting Process 5-2 5 Figure Tools 57 Graphs Within a fi Selecting Plot Types ng Plots Plot editing Mode Using Functions to Edit graphs 5-19 Examples- Using MATLAB Plotting Tools 520 Modifying the graph Data Source Preparing Graphs for Presentation 529 Modify the graph to Enhance the Presentation 530 Printing the graph Exporting the graph 5-35 Basic Plotting Functions 5-38 Creating a Plot Multiple Data Sets in One graph 5-40 Specifying Line Styles and Colors Plotting Lines and Markers 5-41 Imaginary and Complex Data Adding Plots to an Existing graph 5-44 Figure Windows 5-46 Multiple Plots in One Figure Controlling the Axes 5-48 Axis Labels and Titles 5-49 Saving Figures 5-51 Mesh and Surface plots Visualizing Functions of Two variables Images 5-58 Reading and Writing Images 5-59
iv Contents 5 Graphics Overview of MATLAB Plotting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 The Plotting Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 Graph Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 Figure Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 Arranging Graphs Within a Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13 Selecting Plot Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14 Editing Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16 Plot Editing Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16 Using Functions to Edit Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19 Examples — Using MATLAB Plotting Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20 Modifying the Graph Data Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27 Preparing Graphs for Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29 Modify the Graph to Enhance the Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30 Printing the Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-33 Exporting the Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-35 Basic Plotting Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38 Creating a Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38 Multiple Data Sets in One Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-40 Specifying Line Styles and Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-41 Plotting Lines and Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-41 Imaginary and Complex Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-43 Adding Plots to an Existing Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-44 Figure Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-46 Multiple Plots in One Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-46 Controlling the Axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-48 Axis Labels and Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49 Saving Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-51 Mesh and Surface Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-52 Visualizing Functions of Two Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-52 Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-58 Reading and Writing Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-59
Printing Graphics Handle graphics 562 Using the handle Graphics Objects 5-63 Setting Object Properties Specifying the Axes or Figure 5-68 Finding the Handles of Existing Objects Animations Erase mode method Creating Movies Programming 6 Flow Control 6-2 if switch and case while continue 6-5 break ...6-6 try -catch return Other Data Structures 6-8 Multidimensional Arrays Cell arrays 6-10 Characters and Text Structures 6-15 Scripts and Functions 6-19 Functions Types of Functions Global variables 6-24
v Printing Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-60 Handle Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-62 Using the Handle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-62 Graphics Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-63 Setting Object Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-65 Specifying the Axes or Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-68 Finding the Handles of Existing Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-69 Animations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-71 Erase Mode Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-71 Creating Movies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-73 6 Programming Flow Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 if . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 switch and case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4 for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4 while . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5 continue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5 break . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6 try - catch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7 return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7 Other Data Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8 Multidimensional Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8 Cell Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10 Characters and Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12 Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15 Scripts and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18 Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19 Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20 Types of Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22 Global Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24
Passing String Arguments to Functions The eval Function 6-26 Function handles 6-27 Function Functions 6-2 Vectorization 630 reallocation Creating Graphical User Interfaces What Is guide? 7-2 Laying Out a gui 7-3 Starting GUIDE The layout edito Programming a Gui 7-6 Desktop Tools and Development Environment 8 Desktop Overview Arranging the Desktop ...8-3 Start button Command window and Command History 8-5 8-5 Command History 8-6 elp Browser Current Directory Browser and Search Path 8-10 Current directory 8-10 Search Path
vi Contents Passing String Arguments to Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25 The eval Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26 Function Handles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27 Function Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27 Vectorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30 Preallocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30 7 Creating Graphical User Interfaces What Is GUIDE? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2 Laying Out a GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 Starting GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 The Layout Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4 Programming a GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6 8 Desktop Tools and Development Environment Desktop Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2 Arranging the Desktop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3 Start Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3 Command Window and Command History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5 Command Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5 Command History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6 Help Browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7 Current Directory Browser and Search Path . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10 Current Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10 Search Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Workspace Browser and Array Editor Workspace Brows 8-12 rray Editor 8-13 Editor/Debugger 814 M-Lint Code Check and Profiler Reports M-Lint Code Check Report 8-16 Profiler Report 8-18 Other Development Environment Features 8-19 Introducing the Symbolic Math Toolbox 9 What Is the Symbolic Math Toolbox? 9-2 Symbolic Objects 93 Creating Symbolic variables and Expressions 9-5 The findsym Command The subs command 9-8 The Default Symbolic Variable 9-9 Symbolic and Numeric Conversions 9-10 Constructing Real and Complex variables 9-12 Creating Abstract Functions Creating Symbolic Math Functions Using Symbolic Expressions 15 Creating an M-File 9-15
vii Workspace Browser and Array Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12 Workspace Browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12 Array Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13 Editor/Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14 M-Lint Code Check and Profiler Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16 M-Lint Code Check Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16 Profiler Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18 Other Development Environment Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19 9 Introducing the Symbolic Math Toolbox What Is the Symbolic Math Toolbox? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2 Symbolic Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3 Creating Symbolic Variables and Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5 The findsym Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7 The subs Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8 The Default Symbolic Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9 Symbolic and Numeric Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10 Constructing Real and Complex Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12 Creating Abstract Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13 Creating Symbolic Math Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15 Using Symbolic Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15 Creating an M-File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15