Unit 11 Why Historians Disagree by Allen F.Davis and Harold D.Woodman 2025/4/4 7
Unit 1 by Allen F. Davis and Harold D. Woodman 2025/4/4 1 Unit 11 Why Historians Disagree
Words Expressions adj./adv. collocations Synonyms/ 11. antonyms approximate approximation approximate/ approximately approximate to exact jump/leap to completion conclude conclusion conclusive/ the conclusion conclusively that. inconclusive consider contemplate contemplation contemplative In contemplation think about/of controversial/ controversy controversy non-controversial controversially about/over uncontroversial elusive/ elude elusiveness elusively prove elusive avoid escape emerge emergence emergent It emerges that. transpire
Words & Expressions Unit 1 v. n. adj./ adv. collocations Synonyms/ antonyms approximate approximation approximate/ approximately approximate to exact conclude conclusion conclusive/ conclusively jump/ leap to the conclusion that . completion inconclusive contemplate contemplation contemplative In contemplation consider think about/ of - controversy controversial/ controversially controversy about/ over non-controversial uncontroversial elude elusiveness elusive/ elusively prove elusive avoid escape emerge emergence emergent It emerges that. transpire 2025/4/4 2
Words Expressions n. a collocations Synonyms/ antonyms immerse immersion Immersed Immerse.in investigate investigation/ investigative/ investigation investigator investigatory into enquiry oppose opposition opposed/ opposing as opposed to relation connect relate related relatedness relate to empathize with unrelated restrict.to impede restrict restriction restricted unrestricted revise revision review 3
Words & Expressions Unit 1 v. n. adj. collocations Synonyms/ antonyms immerse immersion Immersed Immerse . in - investigate investigation/ investigator investigative/ investigatory investigation into enquiry oppose opposition opposed/ opposing as opposed to - relate relation relatedness related relate to connect empathize with unrelated restrict restriction restricted restrict. to impede unrestricted revise revision - - review 2025/4/4 3
Sentences
Unit 1 Sentences
Let's work together! long involved sentences 1.They will also find amono many American political leaders a deep concern over the balance of power in Europe,a balance that would be destroyed-to America's disadvo tage -if the Germans were able to defeat the French and the British ana reby emerge as the sole major power in Europe.(para.8) The prepositional subject phrase is an adverbial predicate verb object modifying the predicate verb The second part elaborates the object"balance"by: 1.Repeating the key word "balance" 2.a restrictive relative clause"that would be destroyed"defines the word 3.a prepositional phrase"to America's disadvantage"indicates the consequence of the action of the balance being destroyed 4.an if-clause indicates the conditions under which the balance would be destroyed
Unit 1 long involved sentences 1. They will also find among many American political leaders a deep concern over the balance of power in Europe, a balance that would be destroyed - to America’s disadvantage - if the Germans were able to defeat the French and the British and thereby emerge as the sole major power in Europe. (para. 8) The second part elaborates the object “balance” by: 1. Repeating the key word “balance” 2. a restrictive relative clause “that would be destroyed” defines the word 3. a prepositional phrase “to America’s disadvantage” indicates the consequence of the action of the balance being destroyed 4. an if-clause indicates the conditions under which the balance would be destroyed Let’s work together! The prepositional phrase is an adverbial modifying the predicate verb. subject predicate verb object
Let's work together! long involved sentences 2.If the state of our knowledge were such that it provided us with a model of unquestioned validity that com letely explained human behavior,we dan.(para.13) ↓ Subject of subordinate clause Predicate verb Adverbial clause of result Relative clause modifying "such" modifying"validity” This is a complex sentence in which the main clause "we can"is very short and simple,whereas the subordinate clause is a bit complex
Unit 1 This is a complex sentence in which the main clause “we can” is very short and simple, whereas the subordinate clause is a bit complex. long involved sentences 2. If the state of our knowledge were such that it provided us with a model of unquestioned validity that completely explained human behavior, we can. (para. 13) Let’s work together! Adverbial clause of result modifying “such” Subject of subordinate clause Predicate verb predicative Relative clause modifying “validity
Sentence Paraphrase 1 Most students are usually introduced to the study of history by way of a fat textbook and become quickly immersed in a vast sea of names,dates,events and statistics.(1) thick (metaphor)a great number of Most students usually come to have their first experience of the study of history through the reading of a thick history textbook and soon are overwhelmed by a large number of names,dates,events and statistics
Unit 1 thick (metaphor) a great number of Sentence Paraphrase 1 Most students are usually introduced to the study of history by way of a fat textbook and become quickly immersed in a vast sea of names, dates, events and statistics. (1) Most students usually come to have their first experience of the study of history through the reading of a thick history textbook and soon are overwhelmed by a large number of names, dates, events and statistics
Sentence Paraphrase 2 2.Their commonsense reaction to this state of affairs is to conclude that one historian is right while the other is wrong.(2) their response based on common sense "whereas"or "and" implying a contrast When a person is faced with this kind of situation,the normal, practical response will be that one historian is right whereas the other is wrong
Unit 1 their response based on common sense “whereas” or “and”, implying a contrast Sentence Paraphrase 2 2. Their commonsense reaction to this state of affairs is to conclude that one historian is right while the other is wrong. (2) When a person is faced with this kind of situation, the normal, practical response will be that one historian is right whereas the other is wrong
Sentence Paraphrase 3 Therefore the historian can only approximate history at best. No one can ever claim to have concluded the quest.(5) to come close to search;pursuit taking the most hopeful view Therefore the best the historian can do is to get as near as possible to the historical truth.But no one can ever boast that he/she has completed this search.It goes on for ever
Unit 1 Sentence Paraphrase 3 Therefore the historian can only approximate history at best. No one can ever claim to have concluded the quest. (5) Therefore the best the historian can do is to get as near as possible to the historical truth. But no one can ever boast that he/she has completed this search. It goes on for ever. to come close to taking the most hopeful view search; pursuit
Sentence Paraphrase 4 The choice as to which fact to use is based on a theory-admittedly, in this case a rather crude theory,but a theory nonetheless.(7) we all admit with regard to;concerning 不可否认 (fml)nevertheless;however The choice concerning which fact to use is based on a theory.I am willing to concede that the theory used here is unrefined,yet it is still a theory
Unit 1 The choice as to which fact to use is based on a theory—admittedly, in this case a rather crude theory, but a theory nonetheless. (7) The choice concerning which fact to use is based on a theory. I am willing to concede that the theory used here is unrefined, yet it is still a theory. with regard to; concerning we all admit 不可否认 (fml) nevertheless; however Sentence Paraphrase 4