新闻与传播研究2011年第1期 porters Deceive: The Production Of Stereotypes, Journalism Lee, Moon J, Bichard, Shannon L., Irey, Meagan and Mass Communication Quarterly, 84(2),281-298 S, Walt, Heather M, Carlson, Alana J. (2009), Tele- Elza Ibroscheva Jyotika Ramaprasad. (2008), Do vision Viewing And Ethnic Stereotypes: Do College Students Media Matter? A Social Construction Model Of Stereotypes Of From Stereotypical Perceptions Of Ethnic Groups As A Result Foreigners, Journal of Intercultural Communication, 16. Of Heavy Television Consumption? The Howard Journal of (1968), Identity, Youth And Cri- Communications, 20(1) ses. New York, NY: Norton Nimmo, D, &Savage, R L.(1976),Candidates Fiske,S.(1998), Stereotyping, Prejudice, And Dis- And Their Images: Concepts, Methods And Findings,Pa- crimination. In D. Gilbert, S. Fiske,& G Lindzey.(EDs) cific Palisades: Goodyear The Handbook Of Social Psychology Vol 2, 4ed Katz D& Braly K W.(1933), Racial Stereotypes In Hundred College Students, Journal of Abonormal and Fiske, S.T.(2004), Social Beings: A Core Motives Ap Social psychology proach To Social Psychology, John Wiley Sons, 398-400. ichard H. Willis.(2001), Ethnic And National Ima Fujioka, Y.(1999), Television Portrayals And African- ges: Peoples VS. Nations, Public Opinion Quarterly, 32 American Stereotypes: Examination Of Television Effects When (2),186-201 Direct Contact Is Lacking, Journalism and Mass Communication Ruscher, J.(1998), Prejudice And Stereotyping In Quarterly, 76(1),52-75 Everyday Communication, In M. P Zanna Gerbner, G.(1998), Cultivation Analysis: An Over- In Experimental Social Psychology(Vol 30, Pp 241-307) view.Mass Communication and Society,I,175-194. San Diego, CA: Acdemic press. Hamilton,DL(1981),Stereotying And Intergroup Seiter, E.(1986), Stereotypes And The Media: A Re Behavior: Some Thoughts On The Cognitive Approach, In evaluation. Joumal of Communication, 36, 16-26. D. L Hamilton (ED ), Cognitive Processes In Stereotyping Shapiro, Michael A, McDonald,& Daniel G And Intergroup Behavior pp. 1-35), Hillsdale, NJ:(1992), Iim Not A Real Doctor, But I Play One In Virtual Reality: Implica Of Virtual Reality For..., Journal of Hamilton, D L, Stroessner, SJ,& Driscoll Communication,42(4),94-114 D M.(1994), Social Cognition And The Study of Stereoty- Tajima, R E(1989), Lotus Blossums Don't Bleed ping, In P G. Devine, D L Hamilton, &T M Ostrom Images Of Asian Women, In Asian Women United Of Cali (EDs), Social Cognition: Contributions To Classic fornia(ED), Making Waves: An Anthology Of Writings In Social Psychology (pp. 291-321), New York By And About Asian American Women (pp. 308-317) Hamiltion,D. L& Trolier, T. K.(1986),Stereotypes Tim Kurz, Anthony Lyons(2009), Intergroup In- And Stereotyping: An Overview Of The Cognitive Approach, fluences On The Stereotype Consistency Bias In Communica- In J F Dovidio &S K. Gaertner (EDs. ) Prejudice, Dis- tion: Does It Matter Who We Are Communicating About And crimination, And Racism (pp 127-163), Orlando, FL: To Whom We Are Communicating? Social Cognitive, 27 Academic press. (6),893-904 Harasty, A S.(1997), The Interpersonal Nature Of W. Bauchanan H Cantril. (1953), How Nations See Each Other, Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 117-118 chology Bulletin, 23, 270-284 注释 Lippmann, W.(1922), Public Opinion, New York D]艾青《我爱这土地》,《艾青诗选》,中国出 Macmillan. 版集团人民文学出版社,2004年3月出版 Macrae C N, Stangor C& Hewstone M.( Eds. 153页 (1996), Stereotype And Stereotyping, New York ②]这类研究主要考察、分析某一国在他国新闻媒 Guiford 介的报道中所呈现的形象,但没有涉及到受众 Merrill, J(1962), The Image of US In Ten Mexican 对国家印象的感知、评价。 Dailies, Journalism Quarterly, 39, 203-209 ?1994-2016ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp:/www.cnki.netporters Deceive: The Production Of Stereotypes，Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly，84 ( 2) ，281 － 298. Elza Ibroscheva ＆ Jyotika Ramaprasad. ( 2008 ) ，Do Media Matter? A Social Construction Model Of Stereotypes Of Foreigners，Journal of Intercultural Communication，16. Erikson，E. H. ( 1968 ) ， Identity， Youth And Cri￾ses. New York，NY: Norton. Fiske，S. ( 1998) ，Stereotyping，Prejudice，And Dis￾crimination. In D. Gilbert，S. Fiske，＆ G. Lindzey. ( EDs. ) The Handbook Of Social Psychology ( Vol. 2，4th ed. ， pp357 － 407) ，Boston: McGraw － Hill. Fiske，S. T. ( 2004) ，Social Beings: A Core Motives Ap￾proach To Social Psychology，John Wiley ＆ Sons，398 －400. Fujioka，Y. ( 1999) ，Television Portrayals And African － American Stereotypes: Examination Of Television Effects When Direct Contact Is Lacking，Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly，76 ( 1) ，52 －75. Gerbner，G. . ( 1998) ，Cultivation Analysis: An Over￾view. Mass Communication and Society，1，175 － 194. Hamilton，D. L. ( 1981 ) ，Stereotying And Intergroup Behavior: Some Thoughts On The Cognitive Approach，In D. L. Hamilton ( ED. ) ，Cognitive Processes In Stereotyping And Intergroup Behavior ( pp. 1 － 35 ) ， Hillsdale， NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Hamilton， D. L. ， Stroessner， S. J. ， ＆ Driscoll， D. M. ( 1994) ，Social Cognition And The Study of Stereoty￾ping， In P. G. Devine， D. L. Hamilton， ＆T. M. Ostrom ( EDs. ) ，Social Cognition: Contributions To Classic Issues In Social Psychology ( pp. 291 － 321) ，New York: Spring￾er. Hamiltion，D. L. ＆ Trolier，T. K. ( 1986) ，Stereotypes And Stereotyping: An Overview Of The Cognitive Approach， In J. F. Dovidio ＆ S. K. Gaertner ( EDs. ) ，Prejudice，Dis￾crimination，And Racism ( pp. 127 － 163) ，Orlando，FL: Academic Press. Harasty，A. S. ( 1997 ) ，The Interpersonal Nature Of Social Stereotypes: Differential Discussion Patterns Between In － groups And Out － groups，Personality And Social Psy￾chology Bulletin，23，270 － 284. Lippmann，W. ( 1922 ) ，Public Opinion，New York: Macmillan. Macrae C N. ，Stangor C. ＆ Hewstone M. ( Eds. ) ( 1996 ) ， Stereotype And Stereotyping， New York: Guiford. . Merrill，J. ( 1962) ，The Image of US In Ten Mexican Dailies，Journalism Quarterly，39，203 － 209. Lee，Moon J. ，Bichard，Shannon L. ，Irey，Meagan S. ，Walt，Heather M. ，Carlson，Alana J. ( 2009) ，Tele￾vision Viewing And Ethnic Stereotypes: Do College Students From Stereotypical Perceptions Of Ethnic Groups As A Result Of Heavy Television Consumption? The Howard Journal of Communications，20 ( 1) ，95 － 110. Nimmo，D. ， ＆Savage， R. L. ( 1976 ) ， Candidates And Their Images: Concepts，Methods And Findings，Pa￾cific Palisades: Goodyear. Katz D ＆ Braly K W. ( 1933) ，Racial Stereotypes In One Hundred College Students，Journal of Abonormal and Social Psychology，28，280 － 290. Richard H. Willis. ( 2001) ，Ethnic And National Ima￾ges: Peoples VS. Nations，Public Opinion Quarterly，32 ( 2) ，186 － 201. Ruscher，J. ( 1998 ) ，Prejudice And Stereotyping In Everyday Communication，In M. P. Zanna ( ED. ) ，Advances In Experimental Social Psychology ( Vol. 30，pp. 241 － 307) ， San Diego，CA: Acdemic Press. Seiter，E. ( 1986) ，Stereotypes And The Media: A Re － evaluation. Journal of Communication，36，16 －26. Shapiro， Michael A. ， McDonald， ＆ Daniel G. . ( 1992) ，I＇m Not A Real Doctor，But I Play One In Virtual Reality: Implications Of Virtual Reality For. . . ，Journal of Communication，42 ( 4) ，94 － 114. Tajima，R. E. ( 1989) ，Lotus Blossums Don’t Bleed: Images Of Asian Women，In Asian Women United Of Cali￾fornia ( ED. ) ，Making Waves: An Anthology Of Writings By And About Asian American Women ( pp. 308 － 317 ) ， Boston: Beacon. Tim Kurz，＆ Anthony Lyons. ( 2009) ，Intergroup In￾fluences On The Stereotype Consistency Bias In Communica￾tion: Does It Matter Who We Are Communicating About And To Whom We Are Communicating? Social Cognitive，27 ( 6) ，893 － 904. W. Bauchanan ＆ H. Cantril. ( 1953) ，How Nations See Each Other，Urbana，University of Illinois Press，117 － 118. 注释 ［1］ 艾青: 《我爱这土地》，《艾青诗选》，中国出 版集团 人 民 文 学 出 版 社，2004 年 3 月 出 版， 153 页。 ［2］ 这类研究主要考察、分析某一国在他国新闻媒 介的报道中所呈现的形象，但没有涉及到受众 对国家印象的感知、评价。 ·50· 新闻与传播研究 2011 年第 1 期