1.Cause and effect 2.There are two basic ways of organizing this kind of paragraphs.The first is to state the effect first and then explain the causes.This is a convenient way for a paragraph of one effect and several causes.The second is to state a cause and then mention the effects.This order is preferred when one cause leads to various effects. 3.Able to organize a paragraph by cause and effect Part 2 1.Linking devices for paragraphs by cause and effect 2 Transitional exp s for cause and effect naragr Give reasons:first (second,third),another,next,last,finally,because, since,for, Answer the opposition:of course.some may sav.nevertheless. on the other hand,although;Draw conclusion:therefore,thus,hence,consequently 3.Able to write a paragraph developed by cause and effect I.Exercises Do all the exercises ofthis unit IV.Teaching methods 1.Warm-up writing:social security 2.Group discussion 3.Oral practice 4.Analyzing samples 5.Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China 思政话题：中国空间站一宇航员引爆的太空想象 Ethical-education Topic:Chinese space station's public interaction inspires imagination Unit 8 Education 10 10 1. Cause and effect 2. There are two basic ways of organizing this kind of paragraphs. The first is to state the effect first and then explain the causes. This is a convenient way for a paragraph of one effect and several causes. The second is to state a cause and then mention the effects. This order is preferred when one cause leads to various effects. 3. Able to organize a paragraph by cause and effect Part 2 1. Linking devices for paragraphs by cause and effect 2. Transitional expressions for cause and effect paragraphs Give reasons: first (second, third), another, next, last, finally, because, since, for; Answer the opposition: of course, some may say, nevertheless, on the other hand, although; Draw conclusion: therefore, thus, hence , consequently 3. Able to write a paragraph developed by cause and effect III. Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit. IV. Teaching methods 1. Warm-up writing: social security 2. Group discussion 3. Oral practice 4. Analyzing samples 5. Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：中国空间站——宇航员引爆的太空想象 Ethical–education Topic: Chinese space station’s public interaction inspires imagination Unit 8 Education