《英语写作》课程教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 课程代码：16051802 课程名称：英语写作 英文名称：English Writing 课程类别：专业课 学 时：32 学分：2 适用对象：英语专业一年级学生 考核方式：考查 先修课程：综合英语1 二、课程简介 《英语写作》课程是英语（国际商务管理）专业、英语（商务翻译）专业一年 级级必修主干专业基础课程，是培养提高学生在校及毕业后从事工作所需写作技能系 列课程的第一门。本课程融合了国内外先进的写作教学模式，强调写作过程的教学， 积极鼓励学生参与课堂教学，培养学生获取知识的能力、运用知识的能力、分析问题 的能力、独立提出见解的能力和创新的能力。教学课程设计以段落到篇章的方式展开 弟 单元：段落结构：第二单元：以时间顺序展开段落：第三单元：以空间顺序展升 段落：第四单元：以过程展开段落：第五单元：以举例展开段落：第六单元：以定义 展开段落：第七单元：以因果分析展开段落：第八单元：以分类展开段落：第九单元： 以比较和对照展开段落：第十单元： 以分村 归纳展开段落：第 一单元 展开段落。第十 至第十六单元四种类型作文的写作：第十 元：作文的基 概念 第十三单元：记叙文：第十四单元：描写文：第十五单元：说明文：第十六单元：议 论文。第十七和第十八单元是应用文写作。本教程为掌握英语写作技能提供了循序渐 进的教学过程。每一单元包括详细的技能描述、 有针对性的练习和课后作业。 着力满足培养具有扎实英语语言基础、较强的批判意识、跨文化交流能力和民族文化 自豪感的英语各专业学生的要求。 English Writing I is the first of two English writing courses designed for those who want to improve the writing skills necessary to success in college and in most careers.The course demonstrates the process to use for writing,grammar and common errors,sentence structure and organization,good writing habits,analyzing sentences and paragraphs,and writing practice.It begins with basic knowledge of diction and rhetoric.Unit 1:the general ideas about paragraphs such as paragraph structure,topic sentence,etc.;Unit 2: development by time:Unit 3:development by space:Unit 4:development by process analysis;Unit 5:development by exemplification;Unit 6:development by definition:Unit 7:development by cause and effect:Unit 8:development by classification;Unit 9:
1 《英语写作I》课程教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 课程代码：16051802 课程名称：英语写作I 英文名称：English Writing I 课程类别：专业课 学 时：32 学 分：2 适用对象: 英语专业一年级学生 考核方式：考查 先修课程：综合英语I 二、课程简介 《英语写作 I》课程是英语（国际商务管理）专业、英语（商务翻译）专业一年 级级必修主干专业基础课程，是培养提高学生在校及毕业后从事工作所需写作技能系 列课程的第一门。本课程融合了国内外先进的写作教学模式，强调写作过程的教学， 积极鼓励学生参与课堂教学，培养学生获取知识的能力、运用知识的能力、分析问题 的能力、独立提出见解的能力和创新的能力。教学课程设计以段落到篇章的方式展开。 第一单元：段落结构；第二单元：以时间顺序展开段落；第三单元：以空间顺序展开 段落；第四单元：以过程展开段落；第五单元：以举例展开段落；第六单元：以定义 展开段落；第七单元：以因果分析展开段落；第八单元：以分类展开段落；第九单元： 以比较和对照展开段落；第十单元：以分析归纳展开段落；第十一单元：以多种方法 展开段落。第十二至第十六单元四种类型作文的写作：第十二单元：作文的基本概念； 第十三单元：记叙文；第十四单元：描写文；第十五单元：说明文；第十六单元：议 论文。第十七和第十八单元是应用文写作。本教程为掌握英语写作技能提供了循序渐 进的教学过程。每一单元包括详细的技能描述、有针对性的练习和课后作业。本课程 着力满足培养具有扎实英语语言基础、较强的批判意识、跨文化交流能力和民族文化 自豪感的英语各专业学生的要求。 English Writing I is the first of two English writing courses designed for those who want to improve the writing skills necessary to success in college and in most careers. The course demonstrates the process to use for writing, grammar and common errors, sentence structure and organization, good writing habits, analyzing sentences and paragraphs, and writing practice. It begins with basic knowledge of diction and rhetoric. Unit 1: the general ideas about paragraphs such as paragraph structure, topic sentence, etc.; Unit 2: development by time; Unit 3: development by space; Unit 4: development by process analysis; Unit 5: development by exemplification; Unit 6: development by definition; Unit 7: development by cause and effect; Unit 8: development by classification; Unit 9:
development by comparison and contrast;Unit 10 development by generalization;Unit 11 development by combined methods.From Unit 12 to Unit 16,the techniques of paragraph writing are applied step by step to the process of the four types of composition writing: description,narration,exposition and argumentation.Unit 12:the general ideas about composition;Unit 13:narration;Unit14:description;Unit15:exposition:Unit16: argumentation.Unit17 and Unit18 tell students how to write different practical requirements that are most commonly used in college and in society.The book is a step-by-step process teaching skills basic to writing in the English language.Each unit includes detailed descriptions of skills involved as well as examples and exercises to practice the skills.Its clear,paced lessons,plentiful practices,and engaging writing assignments guide students through the process of writing effective paragraph and essays. from prewriting to final draft,and it will provide students with clear insight into the English composition.The course aims at educating students majoring in English to understand and use English well,to think critically,to perform actively in transcultural communication,and to be proud of Chinese culture 三、课程性质与教学目的 作是英语专 业的 重要专业课程之 一。学生学完第二册后，能正确理解和掌握英 语段落的写作知识和技巧：能根据不同要求正确写出不同题材的段落能根据作文题 目、提纲或图表、数据等写出20单词左右的短文，且内容切题，结构严谨，条理清 楚，语法正确，语言通顺，表达得体：能正确书写便条和通知等应用文。 思政元素 本课程着力满足培养具有扎实英语语言基础、较强的批判意识、跨文化交流能力 和民族文化自豪感的英语各专业学生的要求。同时，在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择 上，本课程将引入思政元素，培养具有高度政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故 事的复合型外语人才，为推进中华民族伟大复兴做出贡献 The course aims at educating students majoring in English to understand and use English well,to think critically,to perform actively in transcultural communication,and to be proud of Chinese culture.What's more,it would include careful-chosen writing topics from Chin Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China and make contribution to the rejuvenation of China. 四、教学内容及要求 Unit 1 General(④
2 development by comparison and contrast; Unit 10 development by generalization; Unit 11 development by combined methods. From Unit 12 to Unit 16, the techniques of paragraph writing are applied step by step to the process of the four types of composition writing: description, narration, exposition and argumentation. Unit 12: the general ideas about composition; Unit 13: narration; Unit14: description; Unit15: exposition; Unit16: argumentation. Unit17 and Unit18 tell students how to write different practical requirements that are most commonly used in college and in society. The book is a step-by-step process teaching skills basic to writing in the English language. Each unit includes detailed descriptions of skills involved as well as examples and exercises to practice the skills. Its clear, paced lessons, plentiful practices, and engaging writing assignments guide students through the process of writing effective paragraph and essays, from prewriting to final draft, and it will provide students with clear insight into the English composition. The course aims at educating students majoring in English to understand and use English well, to think critically, to perform actively in transcultural communication, and to be proud of Chinese culture. 三、课程性质与教学目的 写作是英语专业的重要专业课程之一。学生学完第二册后，能正确理解和掌握英 语段落的写作知识和技巧；能根据不同要求正确写出不同题材的段落；能根据作文题 目、提纲或图表、数据等写出 200 单词左右的短文，且内容切题，结构严谨，条理清 楚，语法正确，语言通顺，表达得体；能正确书写便条和通知等应用文。 思政元素： 本课程着力满足培养具有扎实英语语言基础、较强的批判意识、跨文化交流能力 和民族文化自豪感的英语各专业学生的要求。同时，在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择 上，本课程将引入思政元素，培养具有高度政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故 事的复合型外语人才，为推进中华民族伟大复兴做出贡献 The course aims at educating students majoring in English to understand and use English well, to think critically, to perform actively in transcultural communication, and to be proud of Chinese culture. What’s more, it would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China and make contribution to the rejuvenation of China. 四、教学内容及要求 Unit 1 General (I)
I.Teaching Obiectives At the end of the unit you will become familiar with the organizational structure of a paragraph; know how to write a good topic sentence and select supporting ideas to achieve unity: know how to select supporting ideas to achieve unity; be able to use various devices to achieve coherence. have the knowledge about the difference in paragraph writing between Chinese and English. reflected in different ways of thinking. II.Teaching Contents Part 1 Topic sentence Definition of topic sentence;position of topic sentence:topic sentence at the beginning, middle,end ofa paragraph,topic sentence implied Able to find and write topic sentences Part 2 Unity,coherence Definition of paragraph unity and coherence.how to write unified and coherent paragraphs Able to write unified and coherent paragraphs Do all the exercises of this unit. IV.Teaching methods 1.Warm-up writing 2.Group discussion 3.Oral practice 4.Analyzing samples 5.Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China 思政话题：中医一一对世界的馈赠 3
3 I. Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will become familiar with the organizational structure of a paragraph; know how to write a good topic sentence and select supporting ideas to achieve unity; know how to select supporting ideas to achieve unity; be able to use various devices to achieve coherence. have the knowledge about the difference in paragraph writing between Chinese and English, reflected in different ways of thinking. II. Teaching Contents Part 1 Topic sentence Definition of topic sentence; position of topic sentence: topic sentence at the beginning, middle, end of a paragraph, topic sentence implied Able to find and write topic sentences Part 2 Unity, coherence Definition of paragraph unity and coherence, how to write unified and coherent paragraphs Able to write unified and coherent paragraphs III. Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit. IV. Teaching methods 1. Warm-up writing 2. Group discussion 3. Oral practice 4. Analyzing samples 5. Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：中医——对世界的馈赠
Ethical-education Topic:The Green Wormwood Makes a Powerful Eastern Medicine-A Gift from Traditional Chinese Medicine to the World Unit 2 Events L.Teaching Obiectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1.become familiar with features and organizational patterns of paragraphs developed by time: 2.know how to use relevant linking devices in developing paragraphs by time; 3.be able to write paragraphs on events according to the instructions given. IL.Teaching Contents Part 1 1.Develop a paragraph by time 2.Time order,organizational structure, 3.Able to organize a paragraph by time Part 2 1.Linking devices 2.Time order expressions such as after,later,next,meanwhile,eventually,in the past,in the moring/aftemoon/evening,first/second/third,etc 3.Able to write a paragraph in time order III.Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit IV.Teaching methods 1.Warm-up writing:Tea history in China 2.Group discussion 3.Oral practice 4.Analyzing samples 5 Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China
4 Ethical–education Topic: The Green Wormwood Makes a Powerful Eastern Medicine – A Gift from Traditional Chinese Medicine to the World Unit 2 Events I. Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1. become familiar with features and organizational patterns of paragraphs developed by time; 2. know how to use relevant linking devices in developing paragraphs by time; 3. be able to write paragraphs on events according to the instructions given. II. Teaching Contents Part 1 1. Develop a paragraph by time 2. Time order, organizational structure, 3. Able to organize a paragraph by time Part 2 1. Linking devices 2. Time order expressions such as after, later, next, meanwhile, eventually, in the past, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening, first/ second/ third, etc. 3. Able to write a paragraph in time order III. Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit. IV. Teaching methods 1. Warm-up writing: Tea history in China 2. Group discussion 3. Oral practice 4. Analyzing samples 5 Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China
思政话题：传统节日之中秋节 Ethical-education Topic:Traditional Chinese Festival-Mid-autumn Festival Unit 3 Places L Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1.become familiar with features and organizational patterns of ideas based on space or spatial relationships in paragraph writing. 2.know how to develop description according to space arrangement; 3.be able to construct a paragraph by arranging details with linking words of location and directions. IL.Teaching Contents Part 1 1.Development by space,organizational structure 2.Space order:left to right,near to far,low to high,top to bottom,or the other way around 3.Able to organize a paragraph by space Part2 1.Linking devices for pace order 2.Transitional expressions for Space Order next to,near,close,far,up,down,between,left,above front,middle right,below,back,around,center,under,opposite,beneath,on the top, etc 3.Able to write a paragraph developed by space .Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit IV.Teaching methods 1.Warm-up writing:the Silk Road 2.Group discussion 3.Oral practice 4.Analyzing samples 5.Pair works 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等
5 思政话题：传统节日之中秋节 Ethical–education Topic: Traditional Chinese Festival – Mid-autumn Festival Unit 3 Places I. Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1. become familiar with features and organizational patterns of ideas based on space or spatial relationships in paragraph writing; 2. know how to develop description according to space arrangement; 3. be able to construct a paragraph by arranging details with linking words of location and directions. II. Teaching Contents Part 1 1. Development by space, organizational structure 2. Space order: left to right, near to far, low to high, top to bottom , or the other way around 3. Able to organize a paragraph by space Part 2 1. Linking devices for pace order 2. Transitional expressions for Space Order next to, near, close, far, up, down, between, left, above front, middle, right, below, back, around, center, under, opposite, beneath, on the top, etc. 3. Able to write a paragraph developed by space III. Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit. IV. Teaching methods 1. Warm-up writing: the Silk Road 2. Group discussion 3. Oral practice 4. Analyzing samples 5. Pair works 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等
思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China 思政话题：黄山一一从过去中走来 Ethical-education Topic:Huangshan Build Future from Its Past Unit 4 Customs LTeaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1.have a better understanding of the featured and organizational types of process analysis in paragraph writing; 2.become familiar with the relevant linking devices in process analysis; 3.be able to write paragraphs of process analysis according to the instructions given IL.Teaching Contents Part 1 1.Process analysis,organizational structure 2.Two kinds of process paragraphs:the how-to paragraph and the explanation paragraph,and passive voice 3.Able to organize a paragraph by process Part2 1.Linking devices for process order 2.Beginning a process:(at)first,initially,begin by:continuing a process second,third step,when,until while,after,as soon as,then,as,next, upon,later, during,before,meanwhile;ending a process:finally,at last 3.Able to write a paragraph developed by process III.Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit IV.Teaching methods 1.Warm-up writing:the making of dumplings 2.Group discussion 6
6 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：黄山——从过去中走来 Ethical–education Topic: Huangshan Build Future from Its Past Unit 4 Customs I. Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1. have a better understanding of the featured and organizational types of process analysis in paragraph writing; 2. become familiar with the relevant linking devices in process analysis; 3. be able to write paragraphs of process analysis according to the instructions given. II. Teaching Contents Part 1 1. Process analysis, organizational structure 2. Two kinds of process paragraphs: the how-to paragraph and the explanation paragraph, and passive voice 3. Able to organize a paragraph by process Part 2 1. Linking devices for process order 2. Beginning a process: (at) first, initially, begin by; continuing a process: second, third step, when, until while, after, as soon as, then, as, next, upon, later, during, before, meanwhile; ending a process: finally, at last 3. Able to write a paragraph developed by process III. Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit. IV. Teaching methods 1. Warm-up writing: the making of dumplings 2. Group discussion
3.Oral practice 4.Analyzing samples 5 Pair works 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 改治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethica education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：传统节庆之中秋节 Ethical-education Topic:Traditional Chinese Festival Celebration-Mid-autumn Festival Unit 5 Career I.Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1.become familiar with features and organizational patterns of paragraph developed by exemplification: 2.know how to choose right examples in paragraphs of exemplification 3.be able to write paragraphs developed by exemplification according to the instructions given. II.Teaching Contents Part 1 1.Exemplification 2.We have two ways to arange this kind of paragraphs.One is to start a paragraph with a topic sentence;then give examples or details to back up the opening statement.This is the general-to-specific patter.The other is to state the examples or details first,and put general statement,which may be the topic sentence at the end of the paragraph.This is the specific-to-general pattern. 3.Able to organize a paragraph by exemplification Part 2 1.Linking devices for exemplification 2.Transitional expressions for exemplification:for instance,for example,an 7
7 3. Oral practice 4. Analyzing samples 5. Pair works 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：传统节庆之中秋节 Ethical–education Topic: Traditional Chinese Festival Celebration – Mid-autumn Festival Unit 5 Career I. Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1. become familiar with features and organizational patterns of paragraph developed by exemplification; 2. know how to choose right examples in paragraphs of exemplification; 3. be able to write paragraphs developed by exemplification according to the instructions given. II. Teaching Contents Part 1 1. Exemplification 2. We have two ways to arrange this kind of paragraphs. One is to start a paragraph with a topic sentence; then give examples or details to back up the opening statement. This is the general-to-specific pattern. The other is to state the examples or details first, and put general statement, which may be the topic sentence at the end of the paragraph. This is the specific-to-general pattern. 3. Able to organize a paragraph by exemplification Part 2 1. Linking devices for exemplification 2. Transitional expressions for exemplification: for instance, for example, an
illustration of this,a case in point is,to illustrate,another instance of, another example of,another illustration of,here are a few examples 3.Able to write a paragraph developed by exemplification Ⅲ.Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit IV.Teaching methods 1.Warm-up writing:the power of model 2.Group discussion 3.Oral practice 4.Analyzing samples 5 Pair works 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China 思政话题：功勋 Ethicaleducation Topic:Medal of the Republic Unit 6 Nature and Thought L Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1.become familiar with some principles and methods of developing definition in paragraph writing 2.know how to avoid some pitfalls in constructing paragraphs of definition; 3.be able to write paragraphs developed by definition according to the instructions given. II.Teaching Contents Part 1 1.Definitior and t write a parag aph or even an ess y a word here are many ways to are derinition by synonyms,definit on by cla ass,and definition by negation 8
8 illustration of this, a case in point is, to illustrate, another instance of, another example of, another illustration of, here are a few examples 3. Able to write a paragraph developed by exemplification III. Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit. IV. Teaching methods 1. Warm-up writing: the power of model 2. Group discussion 3. Oral practice 4. Analyzing samples 5. Pair works 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：功勋 Ethical–education Topic: Medal of the Republic Unit 6 Nature and Thought I. Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1. become familiar with some principles and methods of developing definition in paragraph writing; 2. know how to avoid some pitfalls in constructing paragraphs of definition; 3. be able to write paragraphs developed by definition according to the instructions given. II. Teaching Contents Part 1 1. Definition 2. There are two basic ways to define a word or term: to use a single sentence, and to write a paragraph or even an essay. There are many ways to define a word or term with a sentence. Three basic ones are definition by synonyms, definition by class, and definition by negation
3.Able to organize a paragraph by definition Part2 1.Pitfalls and strategies 2.Avoid circular definition,inadequate differentiation;try to relate the term to something familiar or already known,either positively or negatively,to be more specific:give our readers a brief explanation 3.Able to write a paragraph developed by definition III.Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit IV.Teaching methods 1.Warm-up writing:the definition of hero 2.Group discussion 3.Oral practice 4.Analyzing samples 5.Pair works 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：我心目中的“功助” Ethical-education Topic:My Opinion on Medal of the Republic Unit 7 Social Problems L Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1.be able to recognize characteristics and organizational patterns of cause and effect in paragraph writing: 2.be acquainted with relevant linking devices in cause and effect writing: 3.be able to write effective paragraphs of cause and effect according to instructions given. IL.Teaching Contents Part 1 9
9 3. Able to organize a paragraph by definition Part 2 1. Pitfalls and strategies 2. Avoid circular definition, inadequate differentiation; try to relate the term to something familiar or already known, either positively or negatively; to be more specific; give our readers a brief explanation 3. Able to write a paragraph developed by definition III. Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit. IV. Teaching methods 1. Warm-up writing: the definition of hero 2. Group discussion 3. Oral practice 4. Analyzing samples 5. Pair works 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：我心目中的“功勋” Ethical–education Topic: My Opinion on Medal of the Republic Unit 7 Social Problems I. Teaching Objectives At the end of the unit you will be able to 1. be able to recognize characteristics and organizational patterns of cause and effect in paragraph writing; 2. be acquainted with relevant linking devices in cause and effect writing; 3. be able to write effective paragraphs of cause and effect according to instructions given. II. Teaching Contents Part 1
1.Cause and effect 2.There are two basic ways of organizing this kind of paragraphs.The first is to state the effect first and then explain the causes.This is a convenient way for a paragraph of one effect and several causes.The second is to state a cause and then mention the effects.This order is preferred when one cause leads to various effects. 3.Able to organize a paragraph by cause and effect Part 2 1.Linking devices for paragraphs by cause and effect 2 Transitional exp s for cause and effect naragr Give reasons:first (second,third),another,next,last,finally,because, since,for, Answer the opposition:of course.some may sav.nevertheless. on the other hand,although;Draw conclusion:therefore,thus,hence,consequently 3.Able to write a paragraph developed by cause and effect I.Exercises Do all the exercises ofthis unit IV.Teaching methods 1.Warm-up writing:social security 2.Group discussion 3.Oral practice 4.Analyzing samples 5.Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China 思政话题：中国空间站一宇航员引爆的太空想象 Ethical-education Topic:Chinese space station's public interaction inspires imagination Unit 8 Education 10
10 1. Cause and effect 2. There are two basic ways of organizing this kind of paragraphs. The first is to state the effect first and then explain the causes. This is a convenient way for a paragraph of one effect and several causes. The second is to state a cause and then mention the effects. This order is preferred when one cause leads to various effects. 3. Able to organize a paragraph by cause and effect Part 2 1. Linking devices for paragraphs by cause and effect 2. Transitional expressions for cause and effect paragraphs Give reasons: first (second, third), another, next, last, finally, because, since, for; Answer the opposition: of course, some may say, nevertheless, on the other hand, although; Draw conclusion: therefore, thus, hence , consequently 3. Able to write a paragraph developed by cause and effect III. Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit. IV. Teaching methods 1. Warm-up writing: social security 2. Group discussion 3. Oral practice 4. Analyzing samples 5. Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素，从而培养具有高度 政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：中国空间站——宇航员引爆的太空想象 Ethical–education Topic: Chinese space station’s public interaction inspires imagination Unit 8 Education