工程科学学报，第37卷，第12期：1557-1563,2015年12月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.37,No.12:1557-1563,December 2015 D0l:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2015.12.004:http://journals..ustb.edu.cn 石膏种类对富水充填材料凝结硬化性能与机理的 影响 刘娟红四，马翼，王祖琦，高萌，周茜 北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:juanhongl966@hotmail.com 摘要针对富水充填材料的凝结性能受石膏种类影响的问题，采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱等微观实验，分析富水 充填材料硬化体的组成，探讨二水石膏和半水石膏对富水充填材料性能影响的机理.结果表明：以硫铝酸盐水泥一石膏一石灰 为主的富水充填材料体系中，为保证正常的凝结硬化，石膏应为二水石膏：如以半水石膏为原材料，在7d龄期时仍不具有强 度：二水石膏充足时生成的钙矾石晶体呈细针状，二水石膏不足时生成的钙矾石晶体为六棱短柱状：富水充填材料的强度主 要来源于硫铝酸盐水泥一石膏一石灰反应生成的钙矾石，而不是水泥自身水化的水化硫铝酸钙、铝胶和氢氧化钙 关键词采矿：充填材料：石膏：硬化：反应机理 分类号TD823.7 Impact of gypsum type on the setting and hardening performance and mechanism of water-rich filling materials LIU Juan-hong,MA Yi,WANG Zu-qi,GAO Meng,ZHOU Qian School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:juanhongl96@hotmail.com ABSTRACT As for the problem that different gypsum types have different influence on the condensation performance of water-rich filling materials,micro experiments,such as X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy,were used to analyze the composition of the hardened body and investigate the influence of dihydrate gypsum and hemihydrate gypsum on the setting and hardening characteristics of water-rich filling materials.It is found that in a water-rich filling material system of sulphoaluminate cement-gypsum-lime,the gypsum type should be dihydrate gypsum so as to ensure the normal condensation setting and hardening:if hemihydrate gypsum is used as a raw material,the water-rich filling material has not strength after hydrating for 7d.When dihydrate gypsum is adequate,the generated ettringite crystals are fine needle-like:but when dihydrate gypsum is inadequate,the generated ettringite crystals are short hexagonal columnar.The strength of the water-rich filling material is mainly derived from ettringite genera- ted by the reaction of sulphoaluminate cement gypsum and lime,rather than the hydration products of cement generated by itself such as hydration calcium sulphoaluminate,alumina gel and calcium hydroxide. KEY WORDS mining:filling materials:gypsum:hardening:reaction mechanisms 随着矿井充填技术的发展，充填材料经历了不 胶凝材料，它们具有遇水固结硬化的特点，能够形成 断发展与完善的过程.目前，矿山充填的主要工艺为 有一定强度的固结体，以此充填采空区，支撑采场围 胶结充填，主要充填材料是以水泥或类水泥为主的 岩，平衡围岩压力，从而控制地表沉降.以这类材料 收稿日期：2014-07-14 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51374036)工程科学学报，第 37 卷，第 12 期: 1557--1563，2015 年 12 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 37，No． 12: 1557--1563，December 2015 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2015． 12． 004; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 石膏种类对富水充填材料凝 结硬化性能与机理的 影响 刘娟红，马 翼，王祖琦，高 萌，周 茜 北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院，北京 100083  通信作者，E-mail: juanhong1966@ hotmail． com 摘 要 针对富水充填材料的凝结性能受石膏种类影响的问题，采用 X 射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱等微观实验，分析富水 充填材料硬化体的组成，探讨二水石膏和半水石膏对富水充填材料性能影响的机理． 结果表明: 以硫铝酸盐水泥--石膏--石灰 为主的富水充填材料体系中，为保证正常的凝结硬化，石膏应为二水石膏; 如以半水石膏为原材料，在 7 d 龄期时仍不具有强 度; 二水石膏充足时生成的钙矾石晶体呈细针状，二水石膏不足时生成的钙矾石晶体为六棱短柱状; 富水充填材料的强度主 要来源于硫铝酸盐水泥--石膏--石灰反应生成的钙矾石，而不是水泥自身水化的水化硫铝酸钙、铝胶和氢氧化钙． 关键词 采矿; 充填材料; 石膏; 硬化; 反应机理 分类号 TD823. 7 Impact of gypsum type on the setting and hardening performance and mechanism of water-rich filling materials LIU Juan-hong ，MA Yi，WANG Zu-qi，GAO Meng，ZHOU Qian School of Civil and Environmental Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: juanhong1966@ hotmail． com ABSTＲACT As for the problem that different gypsum types have different influence on the condensation performance of water-rich filling materials，micro experiments，such as X-ray diffraction，scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy，were used to analyze the composition of the hardened body and investigate the influence of dihydrate gypsum and hemihydrate gypsum on the setting and hardening characteristics of water-rich filling materials． It is found that in a water-rich filling material system of sulphoaluminate cement--gypsum--lime，the gypsum type should be dihydrate gypsum so as to ensure the normal condensation setting and hardening; if hemihydrate gypsum is used as a raw material，the water-rich filling material has not strength after hydrating for 7 d． When dihydrate gypsum is adequate，the generated ettringite crystals are fine needle-like; but when dihydrate gypsum is inadequate，the generated ettringite crystals are short hexagonal columnar． The strength of the water-rich filling material is mainly derived from ettringite genera￾ted by the reaction of sulphoaluminate cement gypsum and lime，rather than the hydration products of cement generated by itself such as hydration calcium sulphoaluminate，alumina gel and calcium hydroxide． KEY WOＲDS mining; filling materials; gypsum; hardening; reaction mechanisms 收稿日期: 2014--07--14 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51374036) 随着矿井充填技术的发展，充填材料经历了不 断发展与完善的过程． 目前，矿山充填的主要工艺为 胶结充填，主要充填材料是以水泥或类水泥为主的 胶凝材料，它们具有遇水固结硬化的特点，能够形成 有一定强度的固结体，以此充填采空区，支撑采场围 岩，平衡围岩压力，从而控制地表沉降． 以这类材料