1/26/2016 Cell-to-cell spread of Listeria monoeyfogenes,cause of listeriosis contaminated food ve brain isteria monocytogenes Pseudopod M1am Tetanus Mechanism of Action of Caused by Clostridium tetani Tetanus Toxin ore-frgote Continuous stimuloion -Common in soil with animal fecal waste by excitolery Grows in deep wounds with anaerobic conditions -Toxin enters CNS via peripheral nerves or blood Inhibitory -Toxin blocks the relaxation pathway in muscles, fransmiter causing muscle spasms Inhibitory transmitter blocked Death occurs from spasms of respiratory muscles 1/26/2016 5 Cell-to-cell spread of Listeria monocytogenes, cause of listeriosis Listeria monocytogenes Macrophage Macrophage Pseudopod Tetanus • Caused by Clostridium tetani – Gram-positive, endospore-forming, obligate anaerobe – Common in soil with animal fecal waste • Grows in deep wounds with anaerobic conditions • Tetanospasmin neurotoxin released from dead cells – Toxin enters CNS via peripheral nerves or blood – Toxin blocks the relaxation pathway in muscles, causing muscle spasms • Death occurs from spasms of respiratory muscles