第36卷第7期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.36 No.7 2014年7月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jul.2014 生物质木炭用于鲕状高磷铁矿除磷 唐惠庆四，范立强，马龙，郭占成 北京科技大学钢铁治金新技术国家重点实验室，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:hqtang@ustb.cdu.cn 摘要针对难处理的鲕状高磷铁矿，提出了首先采用高气化性生物质木炭制备含碳球团，然后通过直接还原一高温熔分的 方法，成功实现了该铁矿的除磷提铁.直接还原实验采用管式炉.考察了还原温度、生物质木炭加入比例（碳氧摩尔比）和气 氛等条件对样品还原行为的影响，并确定了适宜的还原条件为温度1373K、配碳量0.9、时间15~25min以及气氛Po,/Po= 1:1.在此条件下，样品的金属化率和残碳质量分数分别在75%~80%和0.69%~0.11%的范围内.通过对该金属化球团的 X射线衍射和扫描电镜一能谱分析发现：还原后样品中的主要物相为金属铁、磷灰石和硅酸三钙：磷没有被还原而仍以磷灰石 的形式存在于脉石中.高温熔分实验采用S一Mo棒高温箱式炉.实验结果得到磷质量分数为0.4%的铁样.在熔分体系中进 一步添加相对质量为2%~4%的Na,C0,可以得到磷质量分数在0.3%以下的铁样.基于以上分析，证明了采用生物质木 炭用于高磷铁矿的除磷提铁是可行的. 关键词铁矿石：脱磷：生物质：直接还原 分类号TD951 Phosphorus removal of oolitic high-phosphorus iron ore using biomass char TANG Hui-qing,FAN Li-qiang,MA Long,GUO Zhan-cheng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:hqtang@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT A method of phosphorus removal was proposed to process oolitic high-phosphorus iron ore.It is an integration of direct reduction and melting separation with carbon-containing pellets prepared with high-reactivity biomass char.Direct reduction experi- ments were performed in a tubular furnace,and three parameters were investigated,i.e.,reduction temperature,biomass char adding ratio (carbon-to-oxygen molar ratio)and atmospheres.The optimum condition was determined to be the reduction temperature of 1373 K,the biomass adding ratio of .9,the Pco/Pco value of 1:1,and the reduction time of 15 to 25 min.Under this condition,the met- allization rate and the residual carbon content of reduced samples are 75%to80%and 0.69%to0.11%,respectively.SEM-EDS and XRD examination of reduced samples obtained under the optimum condition shows that the major phases are metallic iron,calcium sili- cate and calcium phosphate,but phosphorus still remains in gangue.Subsequent melting separation experiments were conducted in a Si-Mo high-temperature furnace.Metal with the phosphorus content of some 0.4%was obtained from the reduced samples:and further- more,metal with the phosphorus content of less than 0.3%could be obtained after introducing 2%to 4%Na,CO,into the melting sys- tem.Based on the above analysis,the feasibility of applying biomass char for phosphorus removal is demonstrated. KEY WORDS iron ores;phosphorus removal;biomass:direct reduction 鄂西高磷鲕状赤铁矿储量丰富，约为37.2亿.大到1.0%0，这给该矿的除磷提铁带来了很大困 高磷鲕状赤铁矿属于难选难治矿种，经过初步选矿 难.目前对于该矿的脱磷提铁方法主要包括微生物 后，其铁品位可以达到50%，不过磷质量分数也增 除磷、湿法治金法和火法治金法三大类.相对而言， 收稿日期：2013-1001 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51144010)：钢铁治金新技术国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(416020020) DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2014.07.003:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn第 36 卷 第 7 期 2014 年 7 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol． 36 No． 7 Jul． 2014 生物质木炭用于鲕状高磷铁矿除磷 唐惠庆，范立强，马 龙，郭占成 北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室，北京 100083  通信作者，E-mail: hqtang@ ustb． edu． cn 摘 要 针对难处理的鲕状高磷铁矿，提出了首先采用高气化性生物质木炭制备含碳球团，然后通过直接还原--高温熔分的 方法，成功实现了该铁矿的除磷提铁． 直接还原实验采用管式炉． 考察了还原温度、生物质木炭加入比例( 碳氧摩尔比) 和气 氛等条件对样品还原行为的影响，并确定了适宜的还原条件为温度 1373 K、配碳量 0. 9、时间 15 ～ 25 min 以及气氛 PCO2 /PCO = 1∶ 1． 在此条件下，样品的金属化率和残碳质量分数分别在 75% ～ 80% 和 0. 69% ～ 0. 11% 的范围内． 通过对该金属化球团的 X 射线衍射和扫描电镜--能谱分析发现: 还原后样品中的主要物相为金属铁、磷灰石和硅酸三钙; 磷没有被还原而仍以磷灰石 的形式存在于脉石中． 高温熔分实验采用 Si--Mo 棒高温箱式炉． 实验结果得到磷质量分数为 0. 4% 的铁样． 在熔分体系中进 一步添加相对质量为 2% ～ 4% 的 Na2CO3，可以得到磷质量分数在 0. 3% 以下的铁样． 基于以上分析，证明了采用生物质木 炭用于高磷铁矿的除磷提铁是可行的． 关键词 铁矿石; 脱磷; 生物质; 直接还原 分类号 TD 951 Phosphorus removal of oolitic high-phosphorus iron ore using biomass char TANG Hui-qing ，FAN Li-qiang，MA Long，GUO Zhan-cheng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: hqtang@ ustb． edu． cn ABSTＲACT A method of phosphorus removal was proposed to process oolitic high-phosphorus iron ore． It is an integration of direct reduction and melting separation with carbon-containing pellets prepared with high-reactivity biomass char． Direct reduction experi￾ments were performed in a tubular furnace，and three parameters were investigated，i． e． ，reduction temperature，biomass char adding ratio ( carbon-to-oxygen molar ratio) and atmospheres． The optimum condition was determined to be the reduction temperature of 1373 K，the biomass adding ratio of 0. 9，the PCO2 /PCO value of 1∶ 1，and the reduction time of 15 to 25 min． Under this condition，the met￾allization rate and the residual carbon content of reduced samples are 75% to 80% and 0. 69% to 0. 11% ，respectively． SEM-EDS and XＲD examination of reduced samples obtained under the optimum condition shows that the major phases are metallic iron，calcium sili￾cate and calcium phosphate，but phosphorus still remains in gangue． Subsequent melting separation experiments were conducted in a Si-Mo high-temperature furnace． Metal with the phosphorus content of some 0. 4% was obtained from the reduced samples; and further￾more，metal with the phosphorus content of less than 0. 3% could be obtained after introducing 2% to 4% Na2CO3 into the melting sys￾tem． Based on the above analysis，the feasibility of applying biomass char for phosphorus removal is demonstrated． KEY WOＲDS iron ores; phosphorus removal; biomass; direct reduction 收稿日期: 2013--10--01 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51144010) ; 钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目( 416020020) DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn1001--053x． 2014． 07． 003; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 鄂西高磷鲕状赤铁矿储量丰富，约为 37. 2 亿 t． 高磷鲕状赤铁矿属于难选难冶矿种，经过初步选矿 后，其铁品位可以达到 50% ，不过磷质量分数也增 大到 1. 0%［1］，这给该矿的除磷提铁带来了很大困 难． 目前对于该矿的脱磷提铁方法主要包括微生物 除磷、湿法冶金法和火法冶金法三大类． 相对而言