340 Chapter9 Attitudes,Emotions,and Work The Measurement of Job Satisfaction There are two different measurement issues that we will discuss concerning job satisfaction. The first is the distinction between satisfaction with specific aspects of work (often called facet satisfaction)versus a measure of overall satisfaction.The second is the use of ques. tionnaires to measure satisfaction. Overall versus Facet Satisfaction Various researchers and practitioners have taken different positions on both the value of overall satisfaction and how it might be calculated(Rice,Gentile,McFarlin,1991).As Overall satisfaction we saw above,many researchers took the position that overall satisfaction is the result of Overall assessment of job combining satisfaction with specific important aspects of work.Thus,they would advo. atisfacton解d售 cate using a mathematical formula for weighting and combining satisfaction with specific either fam mathematically cominng ores based on aspects.Others pointed out the frequent high correlations between measures of satisfac. satisfacton with specfic tion and various facets of work,so it seems useless to bother computing individual facet mportant aspec电ofwurk scores (Judge Hulin.1993).Indeed.there are some instances in which an overall score a single verall ee will work just fine (e.g.comparing one plant or division of an organization to another) rating of the job and other instances in which facet information might be more useful (e.g.trying to iden. tify which aspects of the work environment might play a central role in recruiting new employees).Wanous,Reichers,and Hundy (1997)demonstrated that even single-item measures of job satisfaction (e.g.,"Overall,how satisfied are you with your current job?") may work well in many situations.As an example of this type of measure,consider the now-famous "faces"scale(see Figure 9.2),which was developed almost 60 years ago as a single-item measure of job satisfaction(Kunin,1998).This format has been used to elicit overall satisfaction ratings from workers with their jobs,to determine the satisfaction of customers with food or service,and even to help patients describe their current level of experienced pain or discomfort.It appears to be both a simple and an elegant way to get right to the core of an emotional reaction.See Box 9.2 for a variety of thoughts on attitudes and emotions at work. Judge,Thoreson,and colleagues (2001)described a simple five-item scale that appears to work well as a measure of overall satisfaction: I feel fairly satisfied with my present job. Most days I am enthusiastic about my work. Each day at work seems like it will never end. Facet satisfaction I find real enjoyment in my work. informaton relate时te I consider my job to be rather unpleasant. pecrfic facets or dlements of pob satsfaction Respondents use an agree-disagree format to reflect their attitude.As we will see in the next module,a critical issue in recent discussions of job satisfaction is not whether overall or FIGURE9.2 Faces 1,4. facet satisfaction should be measured,but whether research needs to be redirected to look 6,8,and 10 of the at moods and emotions at work rather than focusing exclusively on cognitions(Weiss,2002). Crcular Face Series SourE:Knin I (1畅几e cnstruction ofa newtypeof eude meere.feood bga7作-n.opyg 01s5与enennel Pyychology W程写&S高