工程科学学报，第37卷，第9期：1206-1211,2015年9月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.37,No.9:1206-1211,September 2015 D0l:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2015.09.014:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 生物质焦油催化裂解过程中二次焦油成分 李永玲12)四，吴占松》 1)中国节能环保集团公司，北京1000822)北京科技大学机械工程学院，北京100083 3)清华大学热科学与动力工程教有部重点实验室，北京100084 ☒通信作者，E-mail:yl_03@me.usth.edu.cn 摘要以秸秆热解产生的焦油为原料，在固定床反应器实验台上进行了催化裂解实验，研究了反应温度和催化剂种类对生 物质焦油的裂解反应产物一二次焦油成分的影响规律。在高铝砖作为催化剂作用下，随着温度的升高，二次焦油构成有芳 香化的趋势，多环芳烃的种类和含量都在增加.反应温度的提高有利于焦油的深度转化，二次焦油产率降低：但是高温下生 成的二次焦油芳化程度更高，更容易引起催化剂积炭失活.当反应温度为900℃时，碱性催化剂白云石和石灰岩作用下二次 焦油成分相似，以复杂的大分子环烃为主，而且焦油成分种类减少到10种左右：酸性催化剂高铝砖作用下焦油成分仍然很复 杂，有将近30种，除了含有大分子环烃外，还含有部分石蜡烃，芳香族种类很多，多以双环、三环以及四环的形式存在. 关键词生物质：焦油：催化裂解：成分：催化剂 分类号TQ524 Secondary tar components in the catalytic cracking process of biomass tar LI Yong-Hing2),WU Zhan-song 1)China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group,Beijing 100082,China 2)School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 3)Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China Corresponding author,E-mail:yl_li3@me.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Catalytic cracking experiments were carried out on biomass tar in a fixed-bed reactor to study the influence of reaction temperature and catalyst type on the cracking reaction product,secondary tar.The experimental results show that there is an aromatic trend in the secondary tar components,and the types and content of polyeyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)both increase with the increase of reaction temperature when using the high-alumina brick as an acid catalyst.The rise of reaction temperature can not only improve the deep conversion of biomass tar and reduce the production rate of secondary tar,but also increase the aromatization degree of secondary tar,which is more likely to cause the catalyst deactivation with carbon deposition.When the reaction temperature is 900C,the secondary tar components are similar with alkaline catalysts (dolomite or limestone),and their types reduce to about 10, which mainly include complex macromolecular hydrocarbon.However,the secondary tar components are still very complex with the high-alumina brick as an acid catalyst,and their types are nearly 30,including not only macromolecular hydrocarbon but also paraffin hydrocarbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,in 2-ring,3-ring and 4-ring. KEY WORDS biomass;tar;catalytic cracking:components:catalysts 生物质能在世界主要能源消费结构中的占有率约 为10%~14%0，生物质热解气化已经成为生物质能 收稿日期：201405-20 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51306017)：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2012AA101802-3)：中央高校基本科研业务费资助 项目(FRF-SD-H12-007B)工程科学学报，第 37 卷，第 9 期: 1206--1211，2015 年 9 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 37，No． 9: 1206--1211，September 2015 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2015． 09． 014; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 生物质焦油催化裂解过程中二次焦油成分 李永玲1，2) ，吴占松3) 1) 中国节能环保集团公司，北京 100082 2) 北京科技大学机械工程学院，北京 100083 3) 清华大学热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室，北京 100084  通信作者，E-mail: yl_li03@ me． ustb． edu． cn 摘 要 以秸秆热解产生的焦油为原料，在固定床反应器实验台上进行了催化裂解实验，研究了反应温度和催化剂种类对生 物质焦油的裂解反应产物———二次焦油成分的影响规律． 在高铝砖作为催化剂作用下，随着温度的升高，二次焦油构成有芳 香化的趋势，多环芳烃的种类和含量都在增加． 反应温度的提高有利于焦油的深度转化，二次焦油产率降低; 但是高温下生 成的二次焦油芳化程度更高，更容易引起催化剂积炭失活． 当反应温度为 900 ℃ 时，碱性催化剂白云石和石灰岩作用下二次 焦油成分相似，以复杂的大分子环烃为主，而且焦油成分种类减少到 10 种左右; 酸性催化剂高铝砖作用下焦油成分仍然很复 杂，有将近 30 种，除了含有大分子环烃外，还含有部分石蜡烃，芳香族种类很多，多以双环、三环以及四环的形式存在． 关键词 生物质; 焦油; 催化裂解; 成分; 催化剂 分类号 TQ524 Secondary tar components in the catalytic cracking process of biomass tar LI Yong-ling1，2)  ，WU Zhan-song3) 1) China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group，Beijing 100082，China 2) School of Mechanical Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China 3) Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of the Ministry of Education，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: yl_li03@ me． ustb． edu． cn ABSTＲACT Catalytic cracking experiments were carried out on biomass tar in a fixed-bed reactor to study the influence of reaction temperature and catalyst type on the cracking reaction product，secondary tar． The experimental results show that there is an aromatic trend in the secondary tar components，and the types and content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs) both increase with the increase of reaction temperature when using the high-alumina brick as an acid catalyst． The rise of reaction temperature can not only improve the deep conversion of biomass tar and reduce the production rate of secondary tar，but also increase the aromatization degree of secondary tar，which is more likely to cause the catalyst deactivation with carbon deposition． When the reaction temperature is 900 ℃，the secondary tar components are similar with alkaline catalysts ( dolomite or limestone) ，and their types reduce to about 10， which mainly include complex macromolecular hydrocarbon． However，the secondary tar components are still very complex with the high-alumina brick as an acid catalyst，and their types are nearly 30，including not only macromolecular hydrocarbon but also paraffin hydrocarbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons，in 2-ring，3-ring and 4-ring． KEY WOＲDS biomass; tar; catalytic cracking; components; catalysts 收稿日期: 2014--05--20 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51306017) ; 国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目( 2012AA101802--3) ; 中央高校基本科研业务费资助 项目( FＲF--SD--12--007B) 生物质能在世界主要能源消费结构中的占有率约 为 10% ～ 14%［1］，生物质热解气化已经成为生物质能