8) Quick and accurate response This,in the context of interpretation,refers mainly to speediness and accuracy in completing the process of"understanding-transference-speaking"(or otherwise referred to as the process of "listening-transference- the part of the interpreter.Here"racy"is stated side by side with "rule out the tendency of much of a hurry"to do the interpretation on the part of the beginners.Practice proves time and again that "over eagemess"of "a vice which should be avoided in interpreting IV.UNITY OF ACCURACY AND SMOOTHNESS IS OUR GOAL involves a process ofsning-transference-delivery Accurate comprehension(of the original speaker)is always the interpretation. This is Materialism in interpreting.The difficulties of the interpretation may be caused by the speaker's exceptionally rapid speed or peculiar accent or intonation.or those arising from the interpreter's lack of knowledge of the technical details of the subject under discussion.Whatever the difficulties,the interpreter must try his best to follow the flow the original speaker and must not ethe thread of what the original speaker is saying.The interpreter must first of all understand what theoriginal speaker is driving at.In a word.the interpreter must understand()inorder to be understood (by the audience). In theextremely limited time at his disposal,the interpreter that his accurate and intelligible.nthis connection,he must be Dialectical in his approach.He must bear always in mind that it the idea(or meaning)of the original speaker.not merewords"that should be rendered accurately and as smoothly as possibleinto the target language.He must subordinate the "parts"to the "whole",and must not attempt to be"perfect2 in rendering every individual "word"at the expense of what the speaker issaying.this is asthe. Limited by the time at his disposal.and especially in the expected to produced a"Perfect"rendition."f you really try to be"perfect"in rendering every individual word,you end up worse. V.NOTE-TAKING IN INTERPRETATION For many an interpreter.ote-akingis said to be evir.It is regarded as an"i(especially by beginners) because it calls for certain amount of distribution of attention.-and that,at the initial stage of training,might interfere in one's listening.However it is generally accepted as.and,especially in cases where speaker abruptly refers to a long series of figures or a long string of proper names of persons and places,or keeps on speaking for 5 or 10 minutes Note-taking in the course of interpreing has o distinct features 1)The purpose of note-taking in interpreting is to supplement memory efficiency.soas to ensure accuracy in work.An interpreter must realize from the begining that it is always MEMORYn the basis of correct comprehension that plays the major role in ensuring accuracy in interpreting.not note-taking. 2公 The interpreter's notes are essentially individual in character.This is primarily because the interpreter's notes.which are ameans to supplement his intended exclusively for immediate use by the individual interprete concerned. 2.SOME PRACTICAL HINTS write as few words or symbols as possible 29 Better take notes in the target anguage 3) VI.ON THE BASICS OF INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUES 8) Quick and accurate response This, in the context of interpretation, refers mainly to speediness and accuracy in completing the process of "understanding-transference-speaking"(or otherwise referred to as the process of "listening-transference￾delivery") on the part of the interpreter. Here "accuracy" is stated side by side with "speediness" to rule out the tendency of "too much of a hurry" to do the interpretation on the part of the beginners. Practice proves time and again that "over eagerness" of "foolhardiness" is a vice which should be avoided in interpreting. IV. UNITY OF ACCURACY AND SMOOTHNESS IS OUR GOAL 1. Interpretation involves a process of "listening-transference-delivery". 2. Accurate comprehension(of the "idea" or "meaning" of the original speaker) is always the foremost concern in interpretation. This is Materialism in interpreting. The difficulties of the interpretation may be caused by the speaker's exceptionally rapid speed or peculiar accent or intonation, or those arising from the interpreter's lack of knowledge of the technical details of the subject under discussion. Whatever the difficulties, the interpreter must try his best to follow the flow the original speaker and must not "lose the thread of what the original speaker is saying". The interpreter must first of all understand what the original speaker is driving at. In a word, the interpreter must understand(the original speaker) in order to be understood (by the audience). In the extremely limited time at his disposal, the interpreter must see to it that his oral rendition is accurate and intelligible. In this connection, he must be Dialectical in his approach. He must bear always in mind that it the idea(or meaning) of the original speaker, not mere "words", that should be rendered accurately and as smoothly as possible into the target language. He must subordinate the "parts" to the "whole", and must not attempt to be "perfect2 in rendering every individual " word" at the expense of losing the thread of what the speaker is saying, and so on. All this is rightly regarded as the Dialectics of interpreting. Limited by the very little time at his disposal, and especially in the interpreting of complex discourses, an interpreter cannot be expected to produced a "Perfect" rendition. "If you really try to be "perfect" in rendering every individual word, you end up worse". V. NOTE-TAKING IN INTERPRETATION For many an interpreter, "note-taking" is said to be a "necessary evil". It is regarded as an "evil"(especially by beginners) because it calls for certain amount of distribution of attention. - and that, at the initial stage of training, might interfere in one's listening. However, it is generally accepted as being necessary, and indeed essential, especially in cases where the original speaker abruptly refers to a long series of figures or a long string of proper names of persons and places, or keeps on speaking for 5 or 10 minutes. . Note-taking in the course of interpreting has two distinct features. 1) The purpose of note-taking in interpreting is to supplement memory efficiency, so as to ensure accuracy in work. An interpreter must realize from the beginning that it is always MEMORY on the basis of correct comprehension that plays the major role in ensuring accuracy in interpreting, not note-taking. 2) The interpreter's notes are essentially individual in character. This is primarily because the interpreter's notes, which are a means to supplement his memory efficiency, are intended exclusively for immediate use by the individual interpreter concerned. 2. SOME PRACTICAL HINTS 1) write as few words or symbols as possible. 2) Better take notes in the target language. 3) See to it that the notes are logical and legible. VI. ON THE BASICS OF INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUES 1)"Listening"(Listening-Transference)