Listening is extremely important.In terms of "input"what the"original text"is to a translator."listening"is to an interpreter.But there is something more,a great deal more to it than meets the eye.One may be listening for"appreciation"forkilling time"for "answering the other person's questions".etc.But"listening"in the process of interpretation is different:it has to be done in an ACTIVE way. Practice has borne out that training in consecutive interpretation should preferably be conducted in such a way that LISTENING is original speaker's whole"thought process".to understand his real meaning.his basic argument.basic motive.or even the basicthread"of the whole speech being made.With this understanding of the"context",a consecutive interpreter will find a chunk of the(just finished by speaker)must easier.This"frst stepis also referred to as "listening-cum-transference" With sufficient training and practice.an aspirant interpreter will have a sense of gratification to find that"transference"can be automatically done as soon as he has clearly heard and comprehended what the original speaker is saying.He will be able automatically to employ necessary" omission"egation"etc.He will be able to bring into full play his mastery of the two languages and his knowledge of the subject matter involved in interpretation. "Memory(or"Memory supplemented by Note-taking" to absorb and retain in memory the GIST of what the original speaker is saying (to be able to retain,say,15 mins if the original speaker keepson speaking for 15 mins:though the"simultaneous interpreterdoes not have to so).For a competent consecutive nterpreter,this"active memory"is of great important.And we have on more than one occasion emphasized that note-taking is ecessary only to theextent that it serves as an effective means to supplement memory accuracy in work That is why an aspirant interpreter should.as a rule.discourage himself from taking down too many note 3) "Delivery"(or"Speaking) Delivery in consecutive interpretation is in some respects,slightly easier thatthat in"simultaneous interpretation".This is basically logical way.because he has a litte time at his disposal-time which,in fact.is always not available to a"simultaneous interpreter Immediately following the"istening"and"memoryas indicated above.the consecutive interpreter should.as soon as the original through practice,acquired such a practical ability,he can be regarded as having basically mastered the 3 fundamental parts of the "interpretation techniques"".Thereafter,the has to improve on that,o elaborate that by adding "nuances".by polishing things up,by using the right variation of voice-by striving to achieve a higher degree of the unity of accuracy and smoothess.This may sound fairly simple,yet for a interpreter this means a never ending)process of learning in the course of PRACTICE. Supplementary exercises: Interpretation Ex.1 Shanghai keen to build Disney park:awaiting nod from central government yesterday.Listening is extremely important. In terms of "input", what the "original text" is to a translator, "listening" is to an interpreter. But there is something more, a great deal more to it than meets the eye. One may be listening for " appreciation ", for " killing time", for "answering the other person's questions", etc. But "listening" in the process of interpretation is different; it has to be done in an ACTIVE way. Practice has borne out that training in consecutive interpretation should preferably be conducted in such a way that LISTENING is integrated with "analysing, understanding, transference". In other words, while listening, the aspirant interpreter has to analyse the original speaker's whole "thought process", to understand his real meaning, his basic argument, basic motive, or even the basic "thread" of the whole speech being made. With this understanding of the "context", a consecutive interpreter will find his "transference" of a chunk of the original speech(just finished by the original speaker) must easier. This "first step" is also referred to as "listening-cum-transference". With sufficient training and practice, an aspirant interpreter will have a sense of gratification to find that " transference" can be automatically done as soon as he has clearly heard and comprehended what the original speaker is saying. He will be able automatically to employ in "transference" such necessary specific "techniques" as "conversion", "inversion", "amplification", "omission", "negation", etc. He will be able to bring into full play his mastery of the two languages and his knowledge of the subject matter involved in interpretation. 2) "Memory"(or "Memory supplemented by Note-taking") Immediately following the "first step" of "listening-cum-comprehension" as stated above, the consecutive interpreter should be able to absorb and retain in memory the GIST of what the original speaker is saying (to be able to retain, say, 15 mins if the original speaker keeps on speaking for 15 mins; though the "simultaneous interpreter" does not have to so). For a competent consecutive interpreter, this "active memory" is of great important. And we have on more than one occasion emphasized that note-taking is necessary only to the extent that it serves as an effective means to supplement memory efficiency, so as to ensure accuracy in work. That is why an aspirant interpreter should, as a rule, discourage himself from taking down too many notes. 3) "Delivery" (or "Speaking") Delivery in consecutive interpretation is in some respects, slightly easier that that in "simultaneous interpretation". This is basically because "consecutive interpretation" gives the interpreter a chance to marshal his thoughts and to approach the interpreting in a logical way; because he has a little time at his disposal-time which, in fact, is always not available to a "simultaneous interpreter". Immediately following the "listening" and "memory" as indicated above, the consecutive interpreter should, as soon as the original speaker finishes a part of his speech, start giving the rendition distinctly and in a logical way in the "target language". When he has, through practice, acquired such a practical ability, he can be regarded as having basically mastered the 3 fundamental parts of the "BASICS of interpretation techniques" in "consecutive". Thereafter, the interpreter just has to improve on that, to elaborate that by adding "nuances", by polishing things up, by using the right variation of voice - by striving to achieve a higher degree of the unity of accuracy and smoothness. This may sound fairly simple, yet for a conscientious interpreter this means a continuing(or, never￾ending) process of learning in the course of PRACTICE. Supplementary exercises: Interpretation Ex.1 Shanghai keen to build Disney park; awaiting nod from central government Shanghai is preparing to build a Disneyland theme park and is awaiting central government approval, the city’s mayor told the press yesterday