河北医科大学药学院 Drugs from the Sea:Invertebrates 然二 天照 海洋微生物 Why Produce Marine Natural Products? Marine Microorganisms Marine world is a Allelochemical mediated interactions in spatial competition Defense Against Predators As a weapon for prey capture acquirs and maintain space? 天然药化教研室史清文教授河北医科大学药学院 天然药化教研室史清文教授 7 海洋动物类 海绵动物 Sponges 腔肠动物 Coelenterates 软体动物 Molluscs 棘皮动物 Echinoderms 环节动物 Annelida 节肢动物 Arthropoda 脊椎动物门 Vertebrates 无脊椎动物门 Invertebrates Animals in Ocean 地球上的无脊椎动物是脊椎动物的20多倍。 Sponges!! Cnidarians (e.g. Corals) Microorganisms Tunicates Echinoderms Mollusca Red Algae Brown Algae Green Algae 38% 21% 7% 3% 7% 6% 2% 1% 15% Drugs from the Sea: Invertebrates Sponges Cnidarian e.g. Corals Microorganisms Green Algae Brown Algae Red Algae Tunicates Echinoderms Mollus 刺胞动物 棘皮动物 软体动物 被囊动物 海 洋 微 生 物 Marine Microorganisms 细 菌 真 菌 Actinomycetes Fungi 放线菌 微藻 Bacteria Microalgae Why so many biologically active compounds from invertebrates? Communication Competition between species Defense against pathogens Defense against predators Marine world is a very competitive and hostile environment Why Produce Marine Natural Products？ Allelochemical mediated interactions in spatial competition Examples of sponge-derived cytotoxic compounds is trying to prevent a coral from invading its space, it may produce a chemical to prevent the coral cells from growing and dividing in competition for space in natural environment. How do the sponges acquire and maintain space? Defense Against Predators Hunting behaviour of Conus geographus 杀 手 芋 螺 . Venom components of the nirvana cabal are believed to be released into the water to disorient and impair the swimming behaviour of prey. As a weapon for prey capture