角纹状:前腹板在两前足间无突起:翅上常有暗色斑纹 .翅娘科Dedipodidae 老 测缘有较粗短和光滑的距:附节式333:后足第1谢节膏面具刺:雌虫产卵器为矛状。重婴种类:花生大蟋 家角丝软,的细中器具程造上密其道色这:后足腿节外侧其别状平行隆线:霜节式33重要种类,飞装 缨超目 )分科特征 .皮到马科 游空被部来紧密纯:炸虫酸部末缩圆能形、酸有纸裂,有黑状产卵器:常有超,短面有夜毛,具超账 (三)常见科的主要特征和代表种类 触角作化着有T度来管软。后将生有较长的料毛,前后想无林,表面光滑无毛。帝见种英:格管有号0aohp:E8Zmm 2.纹蓟马科Acolothripidae(图30B,E)- 触角丝状;前胸腹板在两前足间无突起;翅上常有暗色斑纹·········································· 斑翅蝗科Oedipodidae 6 触角丝状;跗节式2-2-3;前足步行足···························································································· 蚱科Tetrigidae - 触角念珠状;跗节式2-2-1;前足开掘足··············································································· 蚤蝼科Tridactylidae (三)常见科的主要特征和代表种类 A.剑尾亚目Ensifera 1.螽斯科Tettigoniidae(图28A,29A) 触角丝状;前足胫节听器封闭型;3对足的胫节背面具端距;跗节式4-4-4;雌虫产卵器剑状。代表种类:中华螽斯Tettigonia chinensis Willemse。 2.蟋蟀科Gryllidae(图28B) 触角丝状;后足胫节背面两侧缘有较粗短和光滑的距;跗节式3-3-3;后足第1跗节背面具剌;雌虫产卵器为矛状。重要种类:花生大蟋 Tarbinskiellus portentosus (Lichtenstein)。 图28 直翅目分科 A.螽斯科;B.蟋蟀科;C.蝼蛄科 3.蝼蛄科Gryllotalpidae(图28C) 前足为开掘式;前足的基距源于腿节;前足胫节具3~4个趾状突;跗节式3-3-3;雌产卵器不明显。重要种类:华北蝼蛄Gryllotalpa unispina Saussure。 B.锥尾亚目Caelifera 4.斑翅蝗科Oedipodidae(图29B) 触角丝状;前翅中闰脉常具音齿;翅上常具暗色斑纹;后足腿节外侧具羽状平行隆线;跗节式3-3-3。重要种类:飞蝗Locusta migratoria L.。 5.斑腿蝗科Catantopidae 触角丝状;前胸腹板有锥形、柱形或片状突起;后足腿节外侧具羽状平行隆线;跗节式3-3-3。重要种类:中华稻蝗Oxya chinensis (Thunberg)。 6.蚱科Tetrigidae 过去称菱蝗科。触角丝状;前胸背板特别发达,向后延伸至腹末,其侧叶后角向下,端部近圆形;后足跗节基节长于端节;跗节式2-2-3。 常见种类:突眼蚱Ergatettix dorsiferus (Walker)。 图29 直翅目分科 A.螽斯科;B.蝗科 三、缨翅目 (一)分科特征 主要包括触角的节数,翅面上是否有横脉和被毛,腹部末端形状,产卵器的弯向等。 (二)分科检索表 缨翅目分科检索表 1 两性腹部末端都呈管状,腹面不纵裂;雌虫无锯状产卵器;有翅者翅面光滑无毛,无翅脉·························· ·················································································································································· 皮蓟马科 Phloeothripidae - 雄虫腹部末端常钝圆;雌虫腹部末端圆锥形,腹面纵裂,有锯状产卵器;常有翅,翅面有微毛,具翅脉· 2 2 产卵器背向弯曲;翅宽且端部圆,有横脉;触角9节················································· 纹蓟马科Aeolothripidae - 产卵器腹向弯曲;翅狭长且端部尖;触角6~8节···································································· 蓟马科Thripidae (三)常见科的主要特征和代表种类 A.管尾亚目Tubulifera 1.管蓟马科Phlaeothripidae(图30C,D) 触角8节,稀有7节;腹末管状,后端生有较长的刺毛;前后翅无脉,表面光滑无毛。常见种类:榕管蓟马Gynaikothrips uzeli Zimm.。 B.锥尾亚目Terebrantia 2.纹蓟马科Aeolothripidae(图30B,E)