x 9.0 SOME OTHER MASS TRANSFER CONSIDERATIONS 235 10.0 DESIGN PROBLEMS IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING 236 11.0 SOLUTION-FERMENTATION PROBLEMS 238 LIST OF ABBREⅤ IATIONS 240 REFERENCES 6 Filtration.................... 242 Celeste todaro L0 INTRODUCTION 242 1. 1 Depth Filtration 243 2.0 CAKE FILTRATION 3.0 THEORY 243 3. 1 Flow Theory 243 3.2 Cake Compressibility 40 PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION 245 5.0 OPTIMAL CAKE THICKNESS 6.0 FILTER AID 247 70 FILTER MEDIA 248 8.0 EQUIPMENT SELECTION 250 8.1 Pilot testing………… 250 9.0 CONTINUOUS vS BATCH FILTRATION 251 100 ROTARY VACUUM DRUM FILTER 251 10.1 Operation and Applications 10.2 Optimization 258 110 NUTSCHES 258 ll.1 Applications… 258 11.2 Operation 260 11. 3 Maintenance 264 12.0 HP-HYBRID FILTER PRESS 12. 1 Applications 266 12.2 Operation 12. 3 Maintenance 269 13.0 MANUFACTURERS Rotary Drum Vacuum Filters 269 Nutsche 269 Hybrid Filter Press REFERENCES 270 7 Cross-Flow Filtration. Ramesh. bhave 1.0 INTRODUCTION 271Contents xvii 9.0 SOME OTHER MASS TRANSFER CONSIDERATIONS235 10.0 DESIGN PROBLEMS IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING ............................................................... 23 6 1 1 .O SOLUTION-FERMENTATION PROBLEMS ............... 238 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................... 240 REFERENCES ................................................................... 241 6 Filtration ............................................................. 242 1 .O INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 242 ................................................... 243 2.0 CAKE FILTRATION ....................................................... 243 3.0 THEORY ....................................... 3.1 Flow Theory ................................... 4.0 PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION ...... 5.0 OPTIMAL CAKE THICKNESS ........... 6.0 FILTER AID ................................................................... 247 7.0 FILTER MEDIA .............................. 8 .O EQUIPMENT SELECTION ............ 8.1 Pilot Testing ............................... Celeste L Todaro 1.1 Depth Filtration .... 3.2 Cake Compressibility ...................... .................... 244 10.1 Operation and Applications .............. ............................................ 258 11.1 Applications ......................... 11.2 Operation .................................................................. 260 11.3 Maintenance ............................................................. 264 12.0 HP-HYBRID FILTER PRESS .......................................... 266 12.1 Applications .......... ........................................ 266 12.2 Operation ........................................................ 267 12.3 Maintenance ......... ......................................... 269 13.0 MANUFACTURERS ............................ Rotary Drum Vacuum Filters ................. Nutsches .......................................... Hybrid Filter Press ............. REFERENCES ......... 7 Cross-Flow Filtration .......................................... 271 1 .O INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 27 1 Ramesh R. Bhave