82 武汉大学学报(医学版) 第41卷 ECMO治疗。 [10 Refaat M, McNamara D, Teuteberg J, et al. Success- ful cidofovir treatment in an adult heart transplant recipi- 6未解决问题及未来方向 ent with severe adenovirus pneumonia [J]. JHeart Lung Transplant. 2008, 27: 699-700 除流感以外的呼吸道病毒我们需要特定疫苗[1] Toth K, Spencer JF, Dhar d,eta. Hexadecyloxypro 及有效的治疗方法,包括抗病毒药物、免疫调节剂 yl-cidofovir, CMXO01, prevents adenovirus-induced 等。因为疫苗及有效的药物可以降低年幼儿童、老 mortality in a permissive, immunosuppressed animal 年人和免疫功能低下患者的发病率、住院率和死亡 model [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U SA, 2008, 105: 7 293 率。虽然目前目标已确定,但临床进展相对缓慢。[12] ayden Fg, Herrington DT, Coats TL.,eta. Effica 未来有效的呼吸道病毒疫苗及抗病毒药物将对病 cy and safety of oral pleconaril for treatment of colds 毒性肺炎的预防及治疗产生重大影响 due to picornaviruses in adults: results of 2 double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials [].Clin 参考文献 Infect Dis,2003,36:1523-1532 [13]中国国家卫生健康委员会.新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎 [1 Jain S, Self WH, Wunderink RG, et al. 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Community ⁃ Acquired Pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U. S. adults [J]. N Engl J Med, 2015,373:415⁃427. [2] Ruuskanen O, Lahti E, Jennings LC, et al. Viral pneu⁃ monia [J]. Lancet, 2011, 377(9 773):1 264⁃1 275. [3] Shorr AF, Zilberberg MD, Micek ST, et al. Viruses are prevalent in nonventilated hospital⁃acquired pneumo⁃ nia [J]. Respir Med, 2017,122:76⁃80. [4] Hong HL, Hong SB, Ko GB, et al. Viral infection is not uncommon in adult patients with severe hospital⁃ac⁃ quired pneumonia [J]. PLoS One, 2014,9:e95865. [5] 中 国 国 家 卫 生 健 康 委 员 会 . 流 行 性 感 冒 诊 疗 方 案 (2019 年版) [EB/OL]. (2019⁃11⁃13) [2020⁃02⁃12]. http: //www. nhc. gov. cn/yzygj/s7653p/201911/ a577415af4e5449cb30ecc6511e369c7/files/ 75a810713dc14dcd9e6db8b654bdef79. pdf. National Health Commission of the People´s Republic of China. Influenza diagnosis and treatment program (2019 edition) [EB/OL]. (2019⁃11⁃13)[2020⁃02⁃08] http: //www. nhc. gov. cn/yzygj/s7653p/201911/ a577415af4e5449cb30ecc6511e369c7/files/ 75a810713dc14dcd9e6db8b654bdef79. pdf. [6] Dandachi D, Rodriguez ⁃ Barradas MC. Viral pneumo⁃ nia: etiologies and treatment [J]. J Investig Med,2018, 66(6):957⁃965. [7] Wang Y, Fan G, Salam A, et al. Comparative effec⁃ tiveness of combined favipiravir and oseltamivir therapy versus oseltamivir monotherapy in critically ill patients with influenza virus infection [J]. J Infect Dis, 2019, pii: jiz656. DOI: 10. 1093/infdis/jiz656. [8] Krilov LR. Respiratory syncytial virus disease: update on treatment and prevention [J]. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 2011,9:27⁃32. [9] Pavia AT. What is the role of respiratory viruses in community acquired pneumonia; What is the best thera⁃ py for influenza and other viral causes of CAP? [J]. In⁃ fect Dis Clin North Am, 2013,27(1):157⁃175. [10] Refaat M, McNamara D, Teuteberg J, et al. 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