意义不倍(背)本文,忠实于原文:达:尽译文语言所能事以求原义明显,不拘泥于原文形式,信、达二者统一:雅:脱离原文而片面追求译文本身的古 雅。他认为只有译文本身采用“汉以前字法句法”——实际上即所谓上等的文言文,才算登大雅之堂。)(加上课本p.8中间的内容评论) 2. The other is put forward by lu Xun(鲁迅) on the basis of" Rather being faithful in thoughtthan smooth in language"(宁信而不顺 3. The new China witnesses two importantscholars on translation. One is Fu Lei and the other is Qian Zhongshu. Theformer suggests achieve the'spiritof the original orexpression resemblance”(神似).(译文同原文如果能在形式上和精神上同时一致起来,或称能达到“形似”和“神似”,这是翻译的高 标准。 Mr Qian Zhongshu puts forward the ideasof" "transfiguration or conversion” which aimed at“ perfection(化境).(所谓“化境”‘就是原作向译文 的“投胎转世”,文字形式虽然换了,而原文投胎的思想、感情、风格、神韵都原原本本的化到了译文的境界里了,丝毫不留下翻译的痕迹,让读者读 译作就完全像在读原作一样。化境是比传神更高的翻译标准。) They two follow the principle offaithfulness 4. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, thereappeared another translator, the monk Dao An(ig). He suggested"preaching according to the original without deduction oraddition(案本而传,不令有损言游字:按照原文的本意) In the history of western translationtheories, there appeared a lot of translation theorists. Here we only mentions criteria. Alexander Fraster Tytlerproposed the famous three principles in his essay on the principles oftranslation, in which he thought that the translation should give acomplete transcript of the ideas of the original work; the style and the mannerof writing should be of the same character with that of the original; thetranslation should have all the ease of original composition”(一、译作应完全复写出原文的思想:二、译作的风格和手法应和原作属于同一性质:三、译作应具备原 作品的通顺, Exactly the three principles are allbased on faithfulness What's the common point of thesetranslation criteria? Despite the variety of opinions, twocriteria (pl )are almost unanimously accepted, namely, the criterion offaithfulness/accuracy (B3E/ME )and that of smoothness(DTE/EN We may also take these criteria as theprinciples of translation in general. By faithfulness/ accuracy, we mean to befaithful not only to the original contents, to the original meaning and views, but also to the original form and style. Examples in the text book P1o-13 arearranged to illustrate and explain that. By smoothness, we mean not only easyand readable rendering, but also idiomatic (ftin g) expressionin the target language, free from stiff formula and mechanical copy ing fromdictionaries. Examples in the text book P10-13 are arranged to illustrate andexplain that. V. Thequalifications of a good translator(see students'book Exercises: 1.Text book P 19 2中国翻译史可大致分为那几个阶段? 你印象最深的翻译家是谁?他对翻译事业最突出的贡献是什么? Translate the following passage into English:“友好与和平”,陈宏薇,《新实用汉英翻译教程》,上海外语教育出版社,2001.5 友好与和平 中国之所以坚持独立自主的和平外交立场,是因为在历史上她饱受帝国主义侵略战争带来的的苦难,更珍惜今天来之不易的和平生 与支持各国人民共同努力维护 说这种愿望与世界各国人民的和平愿望是一致的。人们都知道 临和平与发展两大课题,各 国人民都需要一个安宁平静的和平环境,以发展经济,改善生活。只有如此才能和平保障发展,发展促进和平 eaceful, independent foreign policy, because she suffered agreat deal from imperialist invasion for almost a century, and thus shecherishes her hard-earned peaceful fe all the more and would give moresympathy and support to the concerted efforts of all the people to maintainworld pe ossibleto speed up its socialist cons and raise the peopl dsby means of reform and the open evelopment, China needs not only national stability but also apeaceful international environment, especially peaceful surroundings. This isalso the hope of all the people in the world Peace and development are the twomajor tasks facing the world today. all the world peoples hope for a peacefulinternational situation so that they can develop their economies and improveliving conditions Peace is the guarantee for development and development inturn promotes peace 延安大学外国语学院教师教案(首页 主讲教师 职称 教授 课程性质|技能必修课,开设在第六学周,为学位课程 使学生了解文化、语言与翻译的关系,并培养学生翻译中的跨文 教学目的化意识 授课内容 第二章文化、语言与翻译 教学重点文化的定义与分类,文化、语言与翻译的关系 教学难点 文化、语言与翻译的关系 课时分配 二学时 教学方法 讲练结合,师生互动意义不倍(背)本文，忠实于原文；达：尽译文语言所能事以求原义明显，不拘泥于原文形式，信、达二者统一；雅：脱离原文而片面追求译文本身的古 雅。他认为只有译文本身采用“汉以前字法句法”——实际上即所谓上等的文言文，才算登大雅之堂。) (加上课本p.8中间的内容评论) 2. The other is put forward by Lu Xun (鲁迅) on the basis of “rather being faithful in thoughtthan smooth in language”(宁信而不顺). 3. The new China witnesses two importantscholars on translation. One is Fu Lei and the other is Qian Zhongshu. Theformer suggests “achieve the ‘spirit’ of the original orexpression resemblance”（神似）. (译文同原文如果能在形式上和精神上同时一致起来，或称能达到“形似”和“神似”，这是翻译的高 标准。)Mr. Qian Zhongshu puts forward the ideasof “transfiguration or conversion” which aimed at “perfection”(化境).（所谓“化境”‘就是原作向译文 的“投胎转世”，文字形式虽然换了，而原文投胎的思想、感情、风格、神韵都原原本本的化到了译文的境界里了，丝毫不留下翻译的痕迹，让读者读 译作就完全像在读原作一样。化境是比传神更高的翻译标准。） They two follow the principle offaithfulness. 4. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, thereappeared another translator, the monk Dao An (释道安).He suggested “preaching according to the original without any deduction oraddition” (案本而传，不令有损言游字: 按照原文的本意). In the history of western translationtheories, there appeared a lot of translation theorists. Here we only mentionsome representative opinions on translation criteria. Alexander Fraster Tytlerproposed the famous three principles in his essay on the principles oftranslation, in which he thought that “the translation should give acomplete transcript of the ideas of the original work; the style and the mannerof writing should be of the same character with that of the original; thetranslation should have all the ease of original composition” (一、译作应完全复写出原文的思想；二、译作的风格和手法应和原作属于同一性质；三、译作应具备原创 作品的通顺).Exactly the three principles are allbased on faithfulness. What’s the common point of thesetranslation criteria? Despite the variety of opinions, twocriteria (pl.) are almost unanimously accepted, namely, the criterion offaithfulness/accuracy (忠实/准确) and that of smoothness (流畅/通顺). We may also take these criteria as theprinciples of translation in general. By faithfulness/ accuracy, we mean to befaithful not only to the original contents, to the original meaning and views,but also to the original form and style. Examples in the text book P10-13 arearranged to illustrate and explain that. By smoothness, we mean not only easyand readable rendering, but also idiomatic（地道的） expressionin the target language, free from stiff formula and mechanical copying fromdictionaries. Examples in the text book P10-13 are arranged to illustrate andexplain that. V. Thequalifications of a good translator (see students’ book) Exercises: 1.Text book P.19 2.中国翻译史可大致分为那几个阶段？ 3.你印象最深的翻译家是谁？他对翻译事业最突出的贡献是什么？ 4.Translate the following passage into English: “友好与和平”，陈宏薇，《新实用汉英翻译教程》，上海外语教育出版社，2001.5 友好与和平 中国之所以坚持独立自主的和平外交立场，是因为在历史上她饱受帝国主义侵略战争带来的的苦难，更珍惜今天来之不易的和平生活，更同情与支持各国人民共同努力维护 世界和平。中国是个发展中国家，正致力于通过改革开放，加快社会主义现代化建设，努力提高人民生活水平。为了实现既定的经济社会规划与目标，中国不仅需要国内的 安定，也需要有一个和平的国际环境，特别是和平的周边环境。可以说这种愿望与世界各国人民的和平愿望是一致的。人们都知道，当今世界面临和平与发展两大课题，各 国人民都需要一个安宁平静的和平环境，以发展经济，改善生活。只有如此才能和平保障发展，发展促进和平。 Peaceand Friendship China insists on a peaceful, independent foreign policy, because she suffered agreat deal from imperialist invasion for almost a century, and thus shecherishes her hard – earned peaceful life all the more and would give moresympathy and support to the concerted efforts of all the people to maintainworld peace.Being a developing country, China is trying in every way possibleto speed up its socialist construction and raise the people’s living standardsby means of reform and the open policy.To achieve the goal set for her economicand social development, China needs not only national stability but also apeaceful international environment, especially peaceful surroundings. This isalso the hope of all the people in the world.Peace and development are the twomajor tasks facing the world today. All the world peoples hope for a peacefulinternational situation so that they can develop their economies and improveliving conditions. Peace is the guarantee for development and development inturn promotes peace. 延安大学外国语学院教师教案（首页） 主讲教师 李艳 职称 教授 课程性质 翻译理论与实践（汉译英）课程是英语教育专业学生的一门专业 技能必修课，开设在第六学期，为学位课程。 教学目的 使学生了解文化、语言与翻译的关系，并培养学生翻译中的跨文 化意识。 授课内容 第二章文化、语言与翻译 教学重点 文化的定义与分类，文化、语言与翻译的关系 教学难点 文化、语言与翻译的关系 课时分配 二学时 教学方法 讲练结合，师生互动