第30卷第9期 谢高地等:中国发展的可持续性状态与趋势 5531 (5)中国文化传统的历史轨迹显现出中国文化 tand World Ecology, 1994, 1: 170 根源与当前可持续发展思想的契合现代西方文化)幸围人日题与球因垃发的,的其对图田 的渗透与东西方文化的融合对可持续发展产生了不 ConstrainsofpopulationdevelopmenttoChina 利影响,充分继承优秀传统文化,建立生态文明观是 developmentandwayout(]. China Population, Resources and Emironment2002,12(6):144-146. 推动我国可持续发展的重要途径。 8」任东明,曹静.经济高速增长条件下中国区域可持续发展状 态的综合评价中国人口喷资源与环境,200010(1):12 参考文献( References 15.RENDong -ming, CAOJing. Comprehensiveassessmentof [!」叶文虎,仝川.联合国可持续发展指标体系述评.中国人口资源与 egionalsustainabledevelopmentofChinaunderrapideconomic EsE, 1997, 7(3): 83-87.[YEWen-hu, TONGChuan Evaluationof development[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment sustainabledevelopmentindicatorsdevelopmentbyUNU].China 2000,10(1):12~15 Population Resourcesnd Environmen 1997,7(3): 83-87. 1 9]陆大道,等2002中国区域发展报告[M]北京:商务印书 卩2」张坤民。环境可持续指数:尝试评价国家或地区环境可持续 L, 2003.[LUDa -dao, etal. ReportonChina 能力的指标环境保护,2002,(8):24~29.[ ZHANGKu Development [M]. Beijing: The CommercialPress, 2003. min. Indexofenvironmentalsustainability indicatorforassessing [0陆大道等.中国区域发展的理论与实践,北京:科学出版 sustainabilityofacountryorregion(J] Environmental Protection, ft, 2003.[LUDaoda, etal. TheoryandPracticeofChina 2002,(8):24~29] RegionalDevelopment[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2003. 1 3]张晓东,池天河90年代中国省级区域经济与环境协调度分1]谢高地鲁春霞,成升魁,等.中国的生态空间占用研究 析.地理研究,2001,20(4):506~515 ZHANGXiao-dong 资源科学,200123(6):20~23 XINGao- di LUChun-xia CHITian-he. Coordinationdegreebetweenregionaleconomicsand CHENGSheng kui, etal. Evaluationofnaturalcapitalutilization ironmentaldevelopmentatprovincialhierarchyofChinain1990s withecologicalfootprintin China[J]. Resources Science, 2001 23 U]. GeographicResearch, 2001, 20 (4): 506-515 1 [4 Levett, R. Linkingtheindicators[J) Tosn and Coumtry[12]周海林.资源型城市可持续发展评价指标体系硏究卩地域 65(12):32 研究与开发,2000(3):12~16[ ZHOUHai- lin studyc [5 Maclaren, V W.Urbansustainabilityreporting]. Journal of the indicatorsystemforassessingsustainabledevelopmentofnatural merican Planning Association, 1996, 62(2): 184202 resourcesbased J]. Areal Research and Derelopment, 2000, 16 Moffat, I etal. Measuringandassessingindicatorsofsustainable (3):12~16. developmentforScotland apilotsurvey!J]. InternationalJournal of SustainabilityStatusandTrendsofChina sDevelopment AnAssessmentbasedonthe NaturalResource base XIEGao-di, ZHENLin, LUChun -xia, ZHANGYu -su, XIAOYu, CAOShu -yan, LIUChun -lan institute of GeographidSciencesand Natural ResourcesResearch, CAS, Beijing 100101, China) Abstract: Since China sadoptionofeconomicreformandopening -upin1978, manyresearchershave beendebatingthesustainabilityofChina sdevelopmentunderthereformpolicies, reachingvarious conclusionsbothoptimisticandotherwise. Mostresearchersseemtoholdapessimisticopinionandpoint outthatthecountry'sresource-intensivedevelopmentiscausingenvironmentalproblems, andthatthereis uncoordinateddevelopmentbetweenhumansandnature. Thispaperanalyzestheprocessandtheoretical causesleadingtounbalancedregionaldevelopmentandassessesthesustainabledevelopmentofChina since 1978bytakingintoconsiderationthesustainabilityofthenaturalresourcebase, economic development, socialdevelopmentandenvironmentaldevelopment Altogether52indicatorsin26thematic fieldsweredevelopedandusedforassessment. Current(2000-2005)andpast (1980-1985)trendsof eachoftheindicatorsareevaluated. China seconomicdevelopmenthasshownsignificantdevelopment trends, andthesustainabilityofsocialdevelopmentislargelyacceptableandcontrollable Environmenta developmentisabottleneckrestrictingthecountry ssustainabledevelopmentduetoseriousenvironmental pollution. Resourceconstraintsonlong -termsustainabledevelopmentshouldnotbeoverlookedduetothe factthatrapideconomicdevelopmentcreatesahighdemandfornaturalresources, whichwillexceed carryingcapat Keywords: Sustainability; Naturalresourcebase; Environmentaldevelopment; Socialdevelopment Sustainabilitystatus 201904-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp:/www.cnki.net(5) 中国文化传统的历史轨迹显现出中国文化 根源与当前可持续发展思想的契合 ,现代西方文化 的渗透与东西方文化的融合对可持续发展产生了不 利影响 ,充分继承优秀传统文化 ,建立生态文明观是 推动我国可持续发展的重要途径。 参考文献 ( References) : [1 ] 叶文虎, 仝川. 联合国可持续发展指标体系述评. 中国人口资源与 环境,1997,7 (3) :83 ～87.[YEWen2hu,TONGChuan.Evaluationof sustainabledevelopmentindicatorsdevelopmentbyUN[J]. China Population, Resourcesand Environment,1997,7 (3) :83～87.] [2 ] 张坤民. 环境可持续指数 : 尝试评价国家或地区环境可持续 能力的指标[J]. 环境保护 ,2002, (8) :24～29.[ZHANGKun 2 min.Indexofenvironmentalsustainability:indicatorforassessing sustainabilityofacountryorregion[J]. Environmental Protection, 2002, (8) :24 ～29.] [3 ] 张晓东 , 池天河.90 年代中国省级区域经济与环境协调度分 析. 地理研究 ,2001,20 (4) :506 ～515.[ZHANGXiao 2dong, CHITian2he.Coordinationdegreebetweenregionaleconomicsand environmentaldevelopmentatprovincialhierarchyofChinain1990s [J]. GeographicResearch,2001,20 (4) :506 ～515.] [4 ] Levett, R..Linkingtheindicators[J]. Town and Country Planning ,1996,65 (12) :327 ～330. [5 ] Maclaren, V.W..Urbansustainabilityreporting[J]. Journal of the American Planning Association,1996,62 (2) :184 ～202. [6 ] Moffat, I.etal.Measuringandassessingindicatorsofsustainable developmentforScotland:apilotsurvey[J]. InternationalJournal of Sustainable Developmentand World Ecology,1994,1:170 ～177. [7 ] 李燕. 人口问题对我国可持续发展的制约及其对策思考[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境 ,2002,12 ( 6) :144 ～146.[LIYan. ConstrainsofpopulationdevelopmenttoChina ’ssustainable developmentandwayout[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment,2002,12 (6) :144 ～146.] [8 ] 任东明 , 曹静. 经济高速增长条件下中国区域可持续发展状 态的综合评价[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境 ,2000,10 (1) :12 ～15.[RENDong 2ming,CAOJing.Comprehensiveassessmentof regionalsustainabledevelopmentofChinaunderrapideconomic development[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2000 ,10 (1) :12 ～15.] [9 ] 陆大道 ,等.2002 中国区域发展报告[M]. 北京 : 商务印书 馆 ,2003.[LUDa 2dao,etal.ReportonChina ’sRegional Development[M].Beijing:TheCommercialPress,2003.] [10] 陆大道 ,等. 中国区域发展的理论与实践. 北京 : 科学出版 社 ,2003.[LUDaoda,etal.TheoryandPracticeofChina ’s RegionalDevelopment[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2003.] [11] 谢高地 ,鲁春霞 , 成升魁 , 等. 中国的生态空间占用研究[J]. 资源科学 ,2001,23 (6) :20 ～23.[XIEGao 2di,LUChun 2xia, CHENGSheng2kui,etal.Evaluationofnaturalcapitalutilization withecologicalfootprintinChina[J]. ResourcesScience, 2001 ,23 (6) :20 ～23.] [12] 周海林. 资源型城市可持续发展评价指标体系研究[J]. 地域 研究与开发 ,2000, ( 3) :12 ～16.[ZHOUHai 2lin.Studyon indicatorsystemforassessingsustainabledevelopmentofnatural resourcesbasedCity[J]. Areal Research and Development,2000, (3) :12 ～16.] SustainabilityStatusandTrendsofChina ’sDevelopment : AnAssessmentbasedontheNaturalResourceBase XIEGao2di,ZHENLin,LUChun 2xia,ZHANGYu 2su,XIAOYu,CAOShu 2yan,LIUChun 2lan ( Institute of GeographicSciencesand Natural ResourcesResearch, CAS , Beijing 100101, China) Abstract:SinceChina ’sadoptionofeconomicreformandopening 2upin1978,manyresearchershave beendebatingthesustainabilityofChina ’sdevelopmentunderthereformpolicies,reachingvarious conclusionsbothoptimisticandotherwise.Mostresearchersseemtoholdapessimisticopinionandpoint outthatthecountry ’sresource2intensivedevelopmentiscausingenvironmentalproblems,andthatthereis uncoordinateddevelopmentbetweenhumansandnature.Thispaperanalyzestheprocessandtheoretical causesleadingtounbalancedregionaldevelopmentandassessesthesustainabledevelopmentofChina since1978bytakingintoconsiderationthesustainabilityofthenaturalresourcebase,economic development,socialdevelopmentandenvironmentaldevelopment.Altogether52indicatorsin26thematic fieldsweredevelopedandusedforassessment.Current (2000～2005) andpast (1980～1985) trendsof eachoftheindicatorsareevaluated.China ’seconomicdevelopmenthasshownsignificantdevelopment trends,andthesustainabilityofsocialdevelopmentislargelyacceptableandcontrollable.Environmental developmentisabottleneckrestrictingthecountry ’ssustainabledevelopmentduetoseriousenvironmental pollution.Resourceconstraintsonlong 2termsustainabledevelopmentshouldnotbeoverlookedduetothe factthatrapideconomicdevelopmentcreatesahighdemandfornaturalresources,whichwillexceed carryingcapacity. Keywords : Sustainability;Naturalresourcebase;Environmentaldevelopment;Socialdevelopment; Sustainabilitystatus 第 30 卷第 9 期 谢高地等 :中国发展的可持续性状态与趋势 5531