2标准正交基a,a,…,=n两两正交且|e|=1 3.Schm正交化程序设a1…,an线性无关, Bi B1 9 2=a2-(2)e,aB A2 n n 1)n-1 B4 2. , , , , 1. 标准正交基 1  2   n 两两正交且  i = 3. Schmidt正交化程序. 设1 ,  ,n 线性无关， , , 1 1 1 1 1 1 1      = e = = ( , ) , , 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2    = −  e e e =    . ( , ) ( , ) ( , ) , 1 1 2 2 1 1 n n n n n n n n n n e e e e e e e        = = − − − − −