使学生掌握翻译在中国、翻译的性质和类型、翻译的单位、汉英 教学目的翻译的标准、以及汉英翻译对译者素养的要求 授课内容 第一章绪论 教学重点 翻译在中国、翻译的性质和类型、汉英翻译的标准 教学难点 汉英翻译的标准 课时分配 四学时 教学方法 讲练结合,师生互动 教学手段 常规教学 思考题目 课本P19练习 作业与辅导(内 容、时间) 课本P19练习 ①《汉英翻译教程》陈宏嶶等,上海外语教育出版社,201. ②《简明翻译教程》陈昭伟,国防工业出版社,2006 ③《汉英翻译教程》朱徽,重庆大学出版社,2004 参考文献 ④《汉英翻译教程》吕瑞昌等,陕西人民出版社,2001 Chapter 1 An Introduction to Chinese-English Translation Translation in China Threepeaks of translation in history 1. The Translation of Buddhist[ nudist】佛教的 Classics: TheFirst Peak Buddhism b originated in India and began to penetrate to China toward themiddle of the first century, leaving a permanent influence on China's religion, philosophy and social life Several important figures are worth mentioninghere 1.1.1 Zhi Qian(支谦)( Zhi Qian made great contribution to translation theory)(佛经翻译的第一阶段、草创时期) It is generally acknowledged that Zhi Qian in the Three Kingdomsperiods wrote the first essay on translation norm thirty years(222-254)he translated about thirty volumes Buddhist scriptures圣经 in a literal manner. In the essay" ' Preface to Fa Ju Ji嘿”(《法句经》序), he put forward his norms thatthe translator of Buddhist classics should“ "follow the original intention ofthe author without any embroidery(粉飾)”(因循本旨,不加文饰). And it might be in his period of time that there appeared adiscussion on literal translation and 1.1.2 Dao an(道安)(佛经翻译的第二阶段、发展时期 In the fifth century(the Easter Jin Dynasty), the earliest statetranslation school yichang(if)was founded and the translation of Buddhist classics was carriedout on a large scale.Dao An(314-385)was appointed its director E s, who advocatedstrict literal translation and made translation a profession. He suggested thata translator should"translate according to the original without any additionand deduction”(案本而传,不令有损言游字). Around374, Dao An compiled A Comprehensive Catalogue of the Sutras[su: tra]经典(《综理众经目 k)). bibliography of all translations done before, the first of its kind in thehistory of Chinese Buddhism 113 Kumarajiva(鸠摩罗什) dia by birth, the famous monk Kumarajiva(350-409) was invited to Chang' an in 401, a center bustling( t f x t with Buddhist activities. His task was toretranslate the most influential scriptures and produce definitive editionswith authoritative interpretations. It is he who firstly suggested thattranslators should sign their names in translated works. Kumarajiva's translations, generally speaking, were more faithful to the original due to his years ofassiduous [a'sidjuasI勤勉的刻苦的 effort and study Zang(玄奘)(佛经翻译的第三阶段、全盛时期) Journey to the We《西游记》; A Dream of the Red Mansions《红楼梦》; Three kingdoms《三国演义》; Outlaws of the Marsh《水浒》; Outlay犯法后躲臧起来的人,Mars沼 泽、湿地) In the Tang Dynasty, Xuan Zang(600-664), the most eminent figure ofthe first peak in translation history, arrived in India after countless trialsand brought back to the capital Chang an 657 collections of sutras[surtr b3%.&5in the original Inthe 19 years preceding his death, he translated 75 collections( 1, 335volumes)of them, which is more than half the total translations of Buddihist scripturesdone in the dynasty. Xuan Zang tried mamy translation methods and developed hisepoch-makingl'ipak'meikinlalB Reacriteria that translation"must be faithful and intelligible易理解的 to the populace ['popjulas平民,大眾”(既须求真,又须喻俗 1.2 Thetranslation of books on science and technology: The second peak(科技翻译:中国的士大夫和传教士联手将欧洲的宗教、晢学、科技和文学等“西学”介绍到中国 The second peak, lasting for a span of 200 years, began in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties around the 1]th century. With thearrival of Jesuit ['dzezjuit I ries from Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, Switzerland, Germany, Belgium and Poland, China came into contact [kontakt] with the Western world gradually. Many missionaries had their worksor教学目的 使学生掌握翻译在中国、翻译的性质和类型、翻译的单位、汉英 翻译的标准、以及汉英翻译对译者素养的要求。 授课内容 第一章绪论 教学重点 翻译在中国、翻译的性质和类型、汉英翻译的标准 教学难点 汉英翻译的标准 课时分配 四学时 教学方法 讲练结合，师生互动。 教学手段 常规教学。 思考题目 课本P.19 练习一 作业与辅导（内 容、时间） 课本P.19 练习一 参考文献 ①《汉英翻译教程》陈宏薇等，上海外语教育出版社，2011. ②《简明翻译教程》陈昭伟，国防工业出版社，2006 ③《汉英翻译教程》朱徽，重庆大学出版社，2004. ④《汉英翻译教程》吕瑞昌等， 陕西人民出版社，2001. Chapter 1 An Introduction toChinese-English Translation Ⅰ. Translation in China 1. Threepeaks of translation in history 1.1 TheTranslation of Buddhist ['budist ]佛教的Classics: TheFirst Peak Buddhism 佛教originated in India and began to penetrate to China toward themiddle of the first century, leaving a permanent influence on China’s religion,philosophy and social life. Several important figures are worth mentioninghere: 1.1.1 Zhi Qian (支谦) (Zhi Qian made great contribution to translation theory)（佛经翻译的第一阶段、草创时期） It is generally acknowledged that Zhi Qian in the Three Kingdomsperiods wrote the first essay on translation norms. In over thirty years(222-254) he translated about thirty volumes of Buddhist scriptures 圣经in a literal manner.In the essay “Preface to Fa Ju Jing” (《法句经》序)，he put forward his norms thatthe translator of Buddhist classics should “follow the original intention ofthe author without any embroidery（粉飾）”（因循本旨，不加文饰）. And it might be in his period of time that there appeared adiscussion on literal translation and free translation, a core issue in thedevelopment of translation theory. 1.1.2 Dao An (道安)（佛经翻译的第二阶段、发展时期） In the fifth century (the Easter Jin Dynasty), the earliest statetranslation school yichang (译场) was founded and the translation of Buddhist classics was carriedout on a large scale. Dao An (314-385) was appointed its director主管, who advocatedstrict literal translation and made translation a profession. He suggested thata translator should “translate according to the original without any additionand deduction” (案本而传，不令有损言游字). Around 374, Dao An compiled A Comprehensive Catalogue of theSutras['su:trə]经典(《综理众经目 录》 )， abibliography of all translations done before, the first of its kind in thehistory of Chinese Buddhism. 1.1.3Kumarajiva (鸠摩罗什) India by birth, the famous monk Kumarajiva (350-409) was invited toChang’an in 401, a center bustling(热闹繁忙)with Buddhist activities. His task was toretranslate the most influential scriptures and produce definitive editionswith authoritative interpretations. It is he who firstly suggested thattranslators should sign their names in translated works. Kumarajiva’s translations,generally speaking, were more faithful to the original due to his years ofassiduous [ə'sidjuəs]勤勉的,刻苦的effort and study. 1.1.4 XuanZang (玄奘)（佛经翻译的第三阶段、全盛时期） （Journey to the West《西游记》; A Dream of the Red Mansions《红楼梦》;Three Kingdoms《三国演义》;Outlaws of the Marsh《水浒》; Outlaw犯法后躲藏起来的人，Marsh沼 泽、湿地） In the Tang Dynasty, Xuan Zang (600-664), the most eminent figure ofthe first peak in translation history, arrived in India after countless trialsand brought back to the capital Chang’an 657 collections of sutras['su:trə]佛经,经典in the original. Inthe 19 years preceding his death, he translated 75 collections (1,335volumes)of them, which is more than half the total translations of Buddihist scripturesdone in the dynasty. Xuan Zang tried many translation methods and developed hisepoch-making['i:pɔk'meikiŋ]划时代的criteria that translation “must be faithful and intelligible易理解的to the populace [ 'pɔpjuləs ]平民,大眾 ” (既须求真，又须喻俗). 1.2 Thetranslation of books on science and technology: The second peak（科技翻译：中国的士大夫和传教士联手将欧洲的宗教、哲学、科技和文学等“西学”介绍到中国 来。） The second peak, lasting for a span of 200 years, began in the lateMing and early Qing Dynasties around the 17th century. With thearrival of Jesuit [ 'dʒezjuit ] missionaries from Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, Switzerland,Germany, Belgium and Poland, China came into contact ['kɔntækt] with the Western world gradually. Many missionaries had their worksor