工程科学学报.第43卷，第2期：161-169.2021年2月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.43,No.2:161-169,February 2021 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.09.11.004;http://cje.ustb.edu.cn 废旧锂离子电池资源现状及回收利用 钟雪虎，陈玲玲，韩俊伟四，刘维，焦芬，覃文庆 中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙410083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:hanjunwei2008@126.com 摘要废旧锂离子电池的无害化处理及回收利用已经成为各个科研院所研究的重点及热点内容.本文系统介绍了废旧锂 离子电池的资源现状与目前回收利用的各种不同的工艺路线，并且详细分析了各种工艺路线的优缺点，以期为废旧锂离子电 池的回收与利用找到新的思路与方法.最终认为“化学-物理联合法”为当前废旧锂离子电池无害化处置及回收利用的较为 理想的方法 关键词废旧锂离子电池；预处理：物理分选：化学分选：回收再利用 分类号TM912.9 Overview of present situation and technologies for the recovery of spent lithium-ion batteries ZHONG Xue-hu,CHEN Ling-ling,HAN Jun-wei,LIU Wei,JIAO Fen,OIN Wen-ging School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:hanjunwei2008@126.com ABSTRACT With the rapid population growth,economic development,and technological progress around the world today,energy consumption levels are becoming increasingly huge.Most of the energy consumed comes from coal,oil,natural gas,and other primary energy sources that lead to the greenhouse effect,acid rain,photochemical smog,and other environment problems.Therefore,the identification of greener energy resources has become humanity's great challenge.To reduce the use of primary energy sources,new types of energy have been proposed that are associated with decreased environmental pollution.However,these new energy sources typically require effective storage equipment to facilitate the use of solar,wind or water-driven energy.Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)were developed to store electrical energy,and due to their unique advantages,today they are widely used in portable devices,electric vehicles, and all kinds of electronic equipment.The advantages of LIBs include a high specific capacity,good cycle performance,and long lifespan.Although life on Earth is greener by the use of LIBs,with the rapidly increasing energy consumption,more spent LIBs are being produced,which contain a range of valuable metals(Cu,Al,Co,Mn,Ni,Li)and harmful substances(HF,organic substances).If these materials are not treated properly,much harm will result to both human beings and the natural environment,and this would also be a great waste of valuable metals.The recovery of spent LIBs has become a research hotspot among the scientific and business communities.To support the discovery of new methods and concepts in the recovery of spent LIBs,in this paper,we reviewed the various methods available and discussed their advantages and disadvantages in detail.Based on this review,we consider the approach that uses a combination of chemical and physical technologies for the recovery of spent LIBs to be the most promising. KEY WORDS spent lithium ion batteries;pretreatment;physical separation;chemical separation;recovery and reuse 收稿日期：2020-09-11 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51804342)：国家重点研发资助项目(2019Y℉C1907301,2019YFC1907802):湖南省标志性创新示范 工程资助项目(2019XK2304):中南大学创新驱动工程资助项目(2020CX038):湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2019刀50805)：中南大学科 研启动基金资助项目(218041)废旧锂离子电池资源现状及回收利用 钟雪虎，陈玲玲，韩俊伟苣，刘    维，焦    芬，覃文庆 中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院，长沙 410083 苣通信作者，E-mail: hanjunwei2008@126.com 摘    要    废旧锂离子电池的无害化处理及回收利用已经成为各个科研院所研究的重点及热点内容. 本文系统介绍了废旧锂 离子电池的资源现状与目前回收利用的各种不同的工艺路线，并且详细分析了各种工艺路线的优缺点，以期为废旧锂离子电 池的回收与利用找到新的思路与方法. 最终认为“化学−物理联合法”为当前废旧锂离子电池无害化处置及回收利用的较为 理想的方法. 关键词    废旧锂离子电池；预处理；物理分选；化学分选；回收再利用 分类号    TM912.9 Overview  of  present  situation  and  technologies  for  the  recovery  of  spent  lithium-ion batteries ZHONG Xue-hu，CHEN Ling-ling，HAN Jun-wei苣 ，LIU Wei，JIAO Fen，QIN Wen-qing School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China 苣 Corresponding author, E-mail: hanjunwei2008@126.com ABSTRACT    With the rapid population growth, economic development, and technological progress around the world today, energy consumption levels are becoming increasingly huge. Most of the energy consumed comes from coal, oil, natural gas, and other primary energy  sources  that  lead  to  the  greenhouse  effect,  acid  rain,  photochemical  smog,  and  other  environment  problems.  Therefore,  the identification of greener energy resources has become humanity ’s great challenge. To reduce the use of primary energy sources, new types  of  energy  have  been  proposed  that  are  associated  with  decreased  environmental  pollution.  However,  these  new  energy  sources typically require effective storage equipment to facilitate the use of solar, wind or water-driven energy. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were developed to store electrical energy, and due to their unique advantages, today they are widely used in portable devices, electric vehicles, and  all  kinds  of  electronic  equipment.  The  advantages  of  LIBs  include  a  high  specific  capacity,  good  cycle  performance,  and  long lifespan. Although life on Earth is greener by the use of LIBs, with the rapidly increasing energy consumption, more spent LIBs are being produced, which contain a range of valuable metals (Cu, Al, Co, Mn, Ni, Li) and harmful substances (HF, organic substances). If these materials are not treated properly, much harm will result to both human beings and the natural environment, and this would also be a  great  waste  of  valuable  metals.  The  recovery  of  spent  LIBs  has  become  a  research  hotspot  among  the  scientific  and  business communities.  To  support  the  discovery  of  new  methods  and  concepts  in  the  recovery  of  spent  LIBs,  in  this  paper,  we  reviewed  the various methods available and discussed their advantages and disadvantages in detail. Based on this review, we consider the approach that uses a combination of chemical and physical technologies for the recovery of spent LIBs to be the most promising. KEY WORDS    spent lithium ion batteries；pretreatment；physical separation；chemical separation；recovery and reuse 收稿日期: 2020−09−11 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51804342）；国家重点研发资助项目（2019YFC1907301, 2019YFC1907802）；湖南省标志性创新示范 工程资助项目（2019XK2304）；中南大学创新驱动工程资助项目（2020CX038）；湖南省自然科学基金资助项目（2019JJ50805）；中南大学科 研启动基金资助项目（218041） 工程科学学报，第 43 卷，第 2 期：161−169，2021 年 2 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 43, No. 2: 161−169, February 2021 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.09.11.004; http://cje.ustb.edu.cn