注1.爱多士(1913-1996，匈牙利，犹太人)，1983年与陈止身同获Wolf奖 （分享10万美元，捐49280史。他曾两次去印度讲学，所得的报酬都捐给 了一位素味平生的印度妇女-Ramanujan的遗孀。80年代末，Erdos得知 一位叫Glen Whitney的高中生算到Harvard:去学数学，但还差一点儿学 费。Eros便与他此人见了面。当他深信这名学生确有天资时，就借给了 他1000美元，并告诉对方只有在不造成经济困难的情况下才还钱。10年 后Whitney有能力偿还这笔钱了，便问Graham:”Erdos要不要利息呢？ ”Graham向Erdos询问，Erdos回答：”告诉他，拿那1000美元去做我当年所 做的事。” 注2.爱多士共发表论文>1000篇：年均写信1500封 注3。名言：“要休息的话，坟墓里有的是休息时间。” Children were referred to as "epsilons e"; Women were"bosses'”; Men were"slaves”; People who stopped doing math had"died"; People who physically died had "left"; Alcoholic drinks were "poison"; Music was”noise”; People who had married were"captured"; People who had divorced were "liberated"; To give a mathematical lecture was "to preach"and To give an oral exam to a student was"to torture"him/her. 注4.爱多士数(Erdos number). 注5.故事：Erdos以发掘数学天才为己任。1959年，他听说有一个12岁 的匈牙利小男孩LajosP数sa已经掌握了全部中学数学课程，便邀请他共进 午餐。吃饭的时候，P数sa正喝着汤，Erdos便问了他这样一个问题：”试 证：在1,2，，2如中任取n+1个数，必有两个数互素。”P数sa先把汤喝完， 然后给出了这个问题的证明。Erdos大为震惊，因为他当初花了10分钟才 找到这个问题的证明方法，而这个小男孩只用了半分钟！后来Edos经常 与P数sa见面，P数sal3岁时，Erdos便给他讲Ramsey原理，并提了一个包 9✺1. ❖õ➡(1913-1996➜✿ß⑤➜❣✔❁)➜1983❝❺➑➂✜Ó➻Wolfø ↔➞➄10✙④✄➜í49280↕✧ ➛◗ü❣✖❁Ýù➷➜↕✚✛✞➴Ñí❽ ✡➌➔❷⑤➨✮✛❁Ý❖å–Ramanujan✛➣➀✧ 80❝➇✧➜Erdos✚⑧ ➌➔✗Glen Whitney✛♣➙✮➂✔Harvard✖➷ê➷➜✂❸☛➌✿✍➷ ↕✧Erdos❇❺➛❞❁❸✡→✧✟➛✢✫ù➯➷✮✭❦❯❪➒➜ Ò✴❽✡ ➛1000④✄➜➾✇❾é➄➄❦✸Ø❊↕➨▲✭❏✛➐➵❡â❸❛✧10❝ ￾Whitney❦❯å⑨❸ù✮❛✡➜ ❇➥Graham➭”Erdos❻Ø❻⑤❊◗➸ ”Graham➉Erdos❰➥➜Erdos↔❽➭”✇❾➛➜❁❅1000④✄✖❽➲✟❝↕ ❽✛➥✧” ✺2. ❖õ➡✁✉▲Ø➞> 1000➓➯❝þ✕✫1500➭ ✺3. ➯ó➭✴❻❃❊✛④➜➠✷♣❦✛➫❃❊➒♠✧✵ Children were referred to as ”epsilons ε”; Women were ”bosses”; Men were ”slaves”; People who stopped doing math had ”died”; People who physically died had ”left”; Alcoholic drinks were ”poison”; Music was ”noise”; People who had married were ”captured”; People who had divorced were ”liberated”; To give a mathematical lecture was ”to preach” and To give an oral exam to a student was ”to torture” him/her. ✺4. ❖õ➡ê(Erdos number). ✺5. ✙➥➭Erdos➧✉÷ê➷❯â➃❈❄✧1959❝➜➛❢❵❦➌❻12➉ ✛✿ß⑤✂■➥LajosPêsa➤➨Ý➸✡✜Ü➙➷ê➷➅➜➜ ❇✚➒➛✁❄ ❒ê✧➥➀✛➒ÿ➜Pêsa✔Õ❳✮➜Erdos❇➥✡➛ù✘➌❻➥❑➭ ”➪ ②➭✸1,2,...,2n➙❄✒n+1❻ê➜✼❦ü❻ê♣❷✧” Pêsa❦r✮Õ✑➜ ✱￾❽Ñ✡ù❻➥❑✛②➨✧Erdos➀➃✞➥➜Ï➃➛✟Ðs✡10➞➝â é✔ù❻➥❑✛②➨➄④➜ ✌ù❻✂■➥➄❫✡➀➞➝➐ ￾✺Erdos➨⑦ ❺Pêsa❸→➜Pêsa 13➉➒➜Erdos❇❽➛ùRamsey✝♥➜➾❏✡➌❻➑ 9