1/26/2016 Nongonococcal Urethritis(NGU) Pelvic Inflammatory Disease(PID) Nonspecific urethritis (NSU) Extensive bacterial infection of the female pelvic -Any inflammation of the urethra not caused by organs N.gonorrhoeae Polymicrobial infection,usually: ·Caused by -Chlamydia trachomatis -Mycoplasma hominis Chronic abdominal pain -Ureaplasma urealyticum Salpingitis:infection of the uterine tubes Painful urination and watery discharge:often Most serious form of PID asymptomatic:pelvic inflammatory disease(PID) in women .Diagnosis:culture or PCR Scarring can cause infertility or ectopic pregrancy (ovum implanted in the tube instead of uterus) Treatment with doxycycline and azithromycin Treatment with doxycycline and cefoxitin The U.S.incidence and distribution of primary and Syphilis secondary syphilis Coused by Treponema pallidum -Gram-neaative spirochete -Grows slowly in cell culture -Relies on the host for many rutrients mough skin breaks and /o.0 Induces an inflammatory response which leads to 5g in the United in2012 tissue damage Enters the bloodstream invading other tissues Stable incidence in the United States Islands)was 5.1 cases per 100.000 populetion. >1/26/2016 7 Nongonococcal Urethritis (NGU) • Nonspecific urethritis (NSU) – Any inflammation of the urethra not caused by N. gonorrhoeae • Caused by: – Chlamydia trachomatis – Mycoplasma hominis – Ureaplasma urealyticum • Painf y g; f ul urination and watery discharge; often asymptomatic; pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women • Diagnosis: culture or PCR • Treatment with doxycycline and azithromycin Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) • Extensive bacterial infection of the female pelvic organs • Polym f , y icrobial infection, usually: – N. gonorrhoeae – C. trachomatis • Chronic abdominal pain • Salpingitis: infection of the uterine tubes – Most serious form of PID – Bacteria attach to the sperm and travel to the uterine tubes – Scarring can cause infertility or ectopic pregnancy (ovum implanted in the tube instead of uterus) • Treatment with doxycycline and cefoxitin Syphilis • Caused by Treponema pallidum – Gram-negat e sp rochete ive spirochete – Grows slowly in cell culture – Relies on the host for many nutrients • Invades the mucosa or through skin breaks and enters the bloodstream • No obvious virulence factors but produces lip po roteins that cause inflammation • Induces an inflammatory response which leads to tissue damage • Enters the bloodstream invading other tissues • Stable incidence in the United States The U.S. incidence and distribution of primary and secondary syphilis Guam Puerto Rico Virgin Is. DC KEY Rate/100,000 population ≤0.2 0 21 2 2 Geographical 0.21–2.2 >2.2 g p distribution of cases in 2012 Primary and secondary syphilis rates in the United States and territories (Guam, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands) was 5.1 cases per 100,000 population. Incidence of syphilis in the United States, 1941–2013