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D0:10.13374f.issn1001-053x.2011.s1.021 第33卷增刊1 北京科技大学学报 Vol.33 Suppl.1 2011年12月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Dec.2011 转炉炼钢前期石灰石分解及C02氧化作用的热力学 分析 李宏☒冯佳李永卿郭洛方宋文臣 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 ✉通信作者,E-mail:lhong@metall..usih.edu.cn 摘要应用热力学方法,对转炉炼钢前期高碳低温铁水条件下石灰石分解及C02氧化作用进行了分析,推导出了CO2分压 (P,)和高碳低温区域碳活度系数f.的求解方程.结果表明:石灰石中CaC0,在高碳低温的铁水面附近,其分解反应平衡 温度比标准状态时低得多,随着吹炼过程中炉温上升其反应趋势增大,CO,在转炉炼钢吹炼初期与[C]、[Si]、[Mn]和F() 的反应都可以自发进行,其排列次序与各元素被02氧化的反应相同:在高碳低温铁水条件下P,值非常小,转炉炼钢初期 P0,在0.0022~0.0005p°左右,因此可以认为石灰石分解产生的C02会全部参与铁水氧化反应. 关键词转炉炼钢:铁水:石灰石:分解:二氧化碳:氧化 分类号TF713.1 Thermodynamic analysis of limestone decomposition and CO2 oxidation effect in the early stage of BOF steelmaking LI Hong,FENG Jia,LI Yong-qing.GUO Luofang,SONG Wen-chen School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083.China Corresponding author,E-mail:lihong@metall.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT The computational formulas of CO2 partial pressure Pco and [C]activity coefficientf.under the condition of high carbon concentration and low temperature were derived from the analysis of limestone decomposition and CO,oxidation in the early stage of BOF steelmaking by the thermodynamic method.It is shown that the equilibrium decomposition reaction temperature of calcium car- bonate in limestone near the surface of molten iron with high carbon concentration and low temperature is much lower than that under the standard state.The reaction tendency of limestone decomposition increases as the furnace temperature rises,and the reactions of CO,with [C],[Si],[Mn]as well as Fe(l)can occur spontaneously as the same reaction sequence of oxidation by 02 in the early stage.The value of pco under the condition of high carbon concentration and low temperature is very small,near the value of 0.0022 to 0.0005p in the early stage of BOF steelmaking,so all of the CO produced from the limestone decomposition reaction can be thought to participate in the oxidation reaction of molten iron. KEY WORDS BOF steelmaking:molten iron:limestone:decomposition:carbon dioxide;oxidation “氧气转炉用石灰石代替石灰造渣炼钢”的方 数为90%计算,全部代替石灰1t钢需要加入石灰 法已经在多次工业试验中获得了成功,并且在石家 石约68~102kg,因此1t钢释放出的C02质量约为 庄钢铁有限责任公司应用于生产,这一工艺方法的28~42kg,体积约为14~21m3.在吹炼前期吹氧量 推广将产生巨大的环境经济效益1引.与用石灰造 不变的条件下,几分钟内有这么大量的C02来到铁 渣相比,石灰石造渣在炉内引起的最大变化是,它释水面上,不仅相当于强化了吹炼前期的供氧,而且是 放出了大量的氧化性气体CO,参与铁水反应.如果 最“软”的“吹氧”方式,理所应当会因此产生比石灰 按照1t钢消耗石灰40~60kg、石灰中Ca0质量分 造渣多得多的FO,从而加快新生石灰的化渣速度, 收稿日期:20110803第 33 卷 增刊 1 2011 年 12 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 33 Suppl. 1 Dec. 2011 转炉炼钢前期石灰石分解及 CO2 氧化作用的热力学 分析 李 宏 冯 佳 李永卿 郭洛方 宋文臣 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京 100083 通信作者,E-mail: lihong@ metall. ustb. edu. cn 摘 要 应用热力学方法,对转炉炼钢前期高碳低温铁水条件下石灰石分解及 CO2 氧化作用进行了分析,推导出了 CO2 分压 ( pCO2 ) 和高碳低温区域碳活度系数 fC,% 的求解方程. 结果表明: 石灰石中 CaCO3 在高碳低温的铁水面附近,其分解反应平衡 温度比标准状态时低得多,随着吹炼过程中炉温上升其反应趋势增大,CO2 在转炉炼钢吹炼初期与[C]、[Si]、[Mn]和Fe( l) 的反应都可以自发进行,其排列次序与各元素被 O2 氧化的反应相同; 在高碳低温铁水条件下 pCO2 值非常小,转炉炼钢初期 pCO2在 0. 002 2 ~ 0. 000 5pΘ 左右,因此可以认为石灰石分解产生的 CO2 会全部参与铁水氧化反应. 关键词 转炉炼钢; 铁水; 石灰石; 分解; 二氧化碳; 氧化 分类号 TF713. 1 Thermodynamic analysis of limestone decomposition and CO2 oxidation effect in the early stage of BOF steelmaking LI Hong ,FENG Jia,LI Yong-qing,GUO Luo-fang,SONG Wen-chen School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail: lihong@ metall. ustb. edu. cn ABSTRACT The computational formulas of CO2 partial pressure pCO2 and [C]activity coefficient fC,% under the condition of high carbon concentration and low temperature were derived from the analysis of limestone decomposition and CO2 oxidation in the early stage of BOF steelmaking by the thermodynamic method. It is shown that the equilibrium decomposition reaction temperature of calcium car￾bonate in limestone near the surface of molten iron with high carbon concentration and low temperature is much lower than that under the standard state. The reaction tendency of limestone decomposition increases as the furnace temperature rises,and the reactions of CO2with [C],[Si],[Mn]as well as Fe( l) can occur spontaneously as the same reaction sequence of oxidation by O2 in the early stage. The value of pCO2 under the condition of high carbon concentration and low temperature is very small,near the value of 0. 002 2 to 0. 000 5pΘ in the early stage of BOF steelmaking,so all of the CO2 produced from the limestone decomposition reaction can be thought to participate in the oxidation reaction of molten iron. KEY WORDS BOF steelmaking; molten iron; limestone; decomposition; carbon dioxide; oxidation 收稿日期: 2011--08--03 “氧气转炉用石灰石代替石灰造渣炼钢”的方 法已经在多次工业试验中获得了成功,并且在石家 庄钢铁有限责任公司应用于生产,这一工艺方法的 推广将产生巨大的环境经济效益[1--7]. 与用石灰造 渣相比,石灰石造渣在炉内引起的最大变化是,它释 放出了大量的氧化性气体 CO2 参与铁水反应. 如果 按照 1 t 钢消耗石灰 40 ~ 60 kg、石灰中 CaO 质量分 数为 90% 计算,全部代替石灰 1 t 钢需要加入石灰 石约 68 ~ 102 kg,因此 1 t 钢释放出的 CO2 质量约为 28 ~ 42 kg,体积约为 14 ~ 21 m3 . 在吹炼前期吹氧量 不变的条件下,几分钟内有这么大量的 CO2 来到铁 水面上,不仅相当于强化了吹炼前期的供氧,而且是 最“软”的“吹氧”方式,理所应当会因此产生比石灰 造渣多得多的 FeO,从而加快新生石灰的化渣速度, DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2011.s1.021
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