第36卷第1期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.36 No.1 2014年1月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jan.2014 轧制界面非稳态流体润滑轧制特性 付括，减勇四，部志英 北京科技大学机械工程学院，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:yzang(@usth.ed.cm 摘要针对轧制过程非稳态及润滑特性，通过流体力学分析，建立稳态、非稳态轧制变形区油膜厚度分布模型，提出油膜波 动系数以研究油膜厚度的绝对波动，应用卡尔曼微分方程分析了稳态、非稳态轧制界面应力分布，并以稳态应力分布为基础 提出应力波动系数以研究变形区应力的绝对波动.结果表明：稳态下压下率增加，轧制界面油膜变薄，压应力、切应力均增加： 非稳态下随着入口板带厚度等扰动因素的波动加剧，油膜波动系数变大，绝对波动加剧：不同时刻非稳态压应力波峰的位置 和数值都会发生变化：相比于切应力，油膜波动对压应力的影响比较大，当油膜厚度发生6.33%的绝对波动时，压应力和切应 力分别产生1.17%和0.24%的绝对波动. 关键词轧制；界面：润滑：压下率：应力分析 分类号TH117.2 Fluid lubrication rolling characteristics of unsteady rolling interfaces FU Kuo,ZANG Yong,GAO Zhi-ying School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Seience and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:yzang@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Based on the lubricating and unsteady properties of rolling processes and hydrodynamic analysis,a film distribution model of the deformation zone which concerns the steady and unsteady conditions is set up and the film wave coefficient is proposed which is used to study the absolute fluctuation of unsteady film thickness.The von Karman equation is used to describe the stress distri- bution of rolling interfaces under the steady and unsteady conditions.According to the stress distribution under the steady condition, the stress wave coefficient is proposed which is used to study and describe the absolute fluctuation of unsteady stress.It is found that large reduction results in a thinner film thickness and a larger hydrodynamic pressure and shear stress in the deformation zone under the steady condition.Under the unsteady condition,as the fluctuation of disturbance factors such as inlet strip thickness intensifies,the film wave coefficient increases,indicating that the absolute fluctuation of film thickness gets larger.The position and value of the pres- sure stress peak change with time under the unsteady condition.The absolute fluctuation of unsteady film thickness has a greater impact on the hydrodynamic pressure than on the shear stress.When the absolute fluctuation of film thickness is6.33%,the pressure stress and the shear stress have a 1.17%and a 0.24%absolute fluctuation,respectively. KEY WORDS rolling:interfaces:lubrication:reduction:stress analysis 随着生产力发展、轧制生产效率提高，高速轧动和张力波动等因素均可导致润滑系统处于非稳定 制、高黏度润滑液等因素更易使轧制界面形成流体 状态，在金属成型过程中大量生产损失都涉及非稳 润滑状态0，轧制过程不稳定性也会随着轧制速度 定形态，如因轧制力波动造成的板带加工后厚度不 的提高而增大.金属轧制过程涉及界面形貌P习、机 均和抗拉抗弯强度不均匀，因此对非稳态下辊缝间 械振动、摩擦热6-)等影响因素，是一个瞬态的、 油膜厚度、应力分布等轧制润滑特性参数的研究具 与时间相关的过程，入口板带厚度不均、机械结构振 有重要的理论意义和实用价值. 收稿日期：2013-08-一7 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51175035)：教育部博士点基金资助项目(20100006110024) DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2014.01.015:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn第 36 卷 第 1 期 2014 年 1 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol． 36 No． 1 Jan． 2014 轧制界面非稳态流体润滑轧制特性 付 括，臧 勇，郜志英 北京科技大学机械工程学院，北京 100083  通信作者，E-mail: yzang@ ustb． edu． cn 摘 要 针对轧制过程非稳态及润滑特性，通过流体力学分析，建立稳态、非稳态轧制变形区油膜厚度分布模型，提出油膜波 动系数以研究油膜厚度的绝对波动，应用卡尔曼微分方程分析了稳态、非稳态轧制界面应力分布，并以稳态应力分布为基础 提出应力波动系数以研究变形区应力的绝对波动． 结果表明: 稳态下压下率增加，轧制界面油膜变薄，压应力、切应力均增加; 非稳态下随着入口板带厚度等扰动因素的波动加剧，油膜波动系数变大，绝对波动加剧; 不同时刻非稳态压应力波峰的位置 和数值都会发生变化; 相比于切应力，油膜波动对压应力的影响比较大，当油膜厚度发生 6. 33% 的绝对波动时，压应力和切应 力分别产生 1. 17% 和 0. 24% 的绝对波动． 关键词 轧制; 界面; 润滑; 压下率; 应力分析 分类号 TH117. 2 Fluid lubrication rolling characteristics of unsteady rolling interfaces FU Kuo，ZANG Yong ，GAO Zhi-ying School of Mechanical Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: yzang@ ustb． edu． cn ABSTＲACT Based on the lubricating and unsteady properties of rolling processes and hydrodynamic analysis，a film distribution model of the deformation zone which concerns the steady and unsteady conditions is set up and the film wave coefficient is proposed which is used to study the absolute fluctuation of unsteady film thickness． The von Karman equation is used to describe the stress distri￾bution of rolling interfaces under the steady and unsteady conditions． According to the stress distribution under the steady condition， the stress wave coefficient is proposed which is used to study and describe the absolute fluctuation of unsteady stress． It is found that large reduction results in a thinner film thickness and a larger hydrodynamic pressure and shear stress in the deformation zone under the steady condition． Under the unsteady condition，as the fluctuation of disturbance factors such as inlet strip thickness intensifies，the film wave coefficient increases，indicating that the absolute fluctuation of film thickness gets larger． The position and value of the pres￾sure stress peak change with time under the unsteady condition． The absolute fluctuation of unsteady film thickness has a greater impact on the hydrodynamic pressure than on the shear stress． When the absolute fluctuation of film thickness is 6. 33% ，the pressure stress and the shear stress have a 1. 17% and a 0. 24% absolute fluctuation，respectively． KEY WOＲDS rolling; interfaces; lubrication; reduction; stress analysis 收稿日期: 2013--08--17 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51175035) ; 教育部博士点基金资助项目( 20100006110024) DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn1001--053x． 2014． 01． 015; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 随着生产力发展、轧制生产效率提高，高速轧 制、高黏度润滑液等因素更易使轧制界面形成流体 润滑状态［1］，轧制过程不稳定性也会随着轧制速度 的提高而增大． 金属轧制过程涉及界面形貌［2--3］、机 械振动［4--5］、摩擦热［6--7］等影响因素，是一个瞬态的、 与时间相关的过程，入口板带厚度不均、机械结构振 动和张力波动等因素均可导致润滑系统处于非稳定 状态，在金属成型过程中大量生产损失都涉及非稳 定形态，如因轧制力波动造成的板带加工后厚度不 均和抗拉抗弯强度不均匀，因此对非稳态下辊缝间 油膜厚度、应力分布等轧制润滑特性参数的研究具 有重要的理论意义和实用价值．