XVIII List of Abbreviations oC degrees centigrade(Celsius) temperature dm> cubic decimetre(litre L:10-m) joule energy kJ kiloioule (103 J) energy K kelvin temperature L,1 litre (1 dm3;10-3 m3) volume m metre length min minute time mol mole amount of substance megapascal(106 Pa) pressure mT millitesla (10-3 T) magnetic flux density (magnetic field) m nanometre(10-9m) length pascal (1 N.m-2 =10-5 bar) pressure percent(%) part per hundred (10-2) dimensionless fraction Ppm part per million(10-) dimensionless fraction second time Abbreviations and Symbols for Properties activity of solute i a('H) mT(=10-3T) the solvent's anion-solvating tendency or 'acity'(Swain) AN mber based or (Gutmann and Meyer) electric polarizability of a molecule, C2.m2.J-lor4r0·cm3 polarizability volume empirical parameter of solvent hydrogen-bond donor acidity(Taft and Kamlet) empirica of solvent Lewis basicity (Palm and Koppel) IR based empirical parameter of solvent Lewis basicity(Palm and Koppel)C degrees centigrade (Celsius) temperature dm3 cubic decimetre (litre L; 103 m3) volume J joule energy kJ kilojoule (103 J ) energy K kelvin temperature L, l litre (1 dm3; 103 m3) volume m metre length min minute time mol mole amount of substance MPa megapascal (106 Pa) pressure mT millitesla (103 T ) magnetic flux density (magnetic field) nm nanometre (109 m) length Pa pascal (1 N
m2 ¼ 105 bar) pressure percent (%) part per hundred (102) dimensionless fraction ppm part per million (106) dimensionless fraction s second time Abbreviations and Symbols for Propertiesc) ai activity of solute i að1HÞ ESR hyperfine coupling constant (coupling with 1H) mT (¼ 103 T ) Aj the solvent’s anion-solvating tendency or ‘acity’ (Swain) AN solvent acceptor number, based on 31P NMR chemical shift of Et3PO (Gutmann and Meyer) a electric polarizability of a molecule, polarizability volume C2
m2
J1 or 4pe0
cm3 a empirical parameter of solvent hydrogen-bond donor acidity (Taft and Kamlet) B empirical parameter of solvent Lewis basicity (Palm and Koppel) BMeOD IR based empirical parameter of solvent Lewis basicity (Palm and Koppel) c) P. Mu¨ller: Glossary of Terms used in Physical Organic Chemistry – IUPAC Recommendations 1994. Pure Appl. Chem. 66, 1077 (1994). XVIII List of Abbreviations