内容提要:19世纪既是科学时代真正开始的世纪,又是近代科学发展开始出现危机的世纪。当时科学的 发展不仅扩及到人类活动的广阔领域,而且越来越显示了与人的现实生活和实践相结合的倾向。自然事物 的变化(分化)、生长、转化、过程、进化以及与之相关的时间性和历史性等特性的显示越来越导致对辩 证法的思维方式的肯定和对以17、18世纪所代表的传统的形而上学思维方式的否定。马克思在哲学上实 现革命变更和西方哲学家所进行的从近代哲学到现代哲学的转型都受到自然科学的这种划时代的变革的 深刻影响,并以这种影响为重要的理论背景。 Abstracts: The 19th century is a century of the real beginning of scientific age, and also the century when the development of modern science starts come to the age of crisis. At that time, the development of science not only expand and arrive to vast realms of mankind s activity, but also more and more showed the tendency to combine together with the human realistic life and practice. The change(differentiation ) growth conversion, process, evolution of natural things and the relative manifestation of time and historicity and other cause more and more to the affirmation of dialectical mode of thinking and to the negation of the traditional metaphysics mode of thinking represented by 1 7and 18 centuries. Both the revolutionary change in philosophy practiced by Karl Marx and the transformation from modern philosophy to contemporary philosophy practiced by western philosophers were deeply influenced under such epoch-making changes of natural sciences and both of them took such influences as the important theoretical background 关键词:科学的世纪,自然科学的革命和危机,近代哲学的危机与向现代哲学的转型 Keywords: The century of science, the revolution and crisis of the natural science, the crisis of modern hilosophy and the transformation to contemporary philosophy内容提要：19 世纪既是科学时代真正开始的世纪，又是近代科学发展开始出现危机的世纪。当时科学的 发展不仅扩及到人类活动的广阔领域，而且越来越显示了与人的现实生活和实践相结合的倾向。自然事物 的变化（分化）、生长、转化、过程、进化以及与之相关的时间性和历史性等特性的显示越来越导致对辩 证法的思维方式的肯定和对以 17、18 世纪所代表的传统的形而上学思维方式的否定。马克思在哲学上实 现革命变更和西方哲学家所进行的从近代哲学到现代哲学的转型都受到自然科学的这种划时代的变革的 深刻影响，并以这种影响为重要的理论背景。 Abstracts: :The 19th century is a century of the real beginning of scientific age, and also the century when the development of modern science starts come to the age of crisis. At that time, the development of science not only expand and arrive to vast realms of mankind's activity, but also more and more showed the tendency to combine together with the human realistic life and practice. The change (differentiation ), growth, conversion, process, evolution of natural things and the relative manifestation of time and historicity and other cause more and more to the affirmation of dialectical mode of thinking and to the negation of the traditional metaphysics mode of thinking represented by 17and 18 centuries. Both the revolutionary change in philosophy practiced by Karl Marx and the transformation from modern philosophy to contemporary philosophy practiced by western philosophers were deeply influenced under such epoch-making changes of natural sciences and both of them took such influences as the important theoretical background . 关键词: 科学的世纪，自然科学的革命和危机，近代哲学的危机与向现代哲学的转型 Keywords:：The century of science, the revolution and crisis of the natural science, the crisis of modern philosophy and the transformation to contemporary philosophy