邹健等:国际土地资源开发利用战略初探 1013 2010年5月 A Preliminary Study of Strategies for Chinas Participation in the Exploitation of land resources abroad ZoU Jian. 2. LONG Hualou. HU Zhichao' (1. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Derelopment g, Institute of Geographic Sciences nd Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beiing 100101, China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beiing 100049. China Abstract: China has been experiencing a rapid transition since reform and opening-up policy late 1978. Centrally planned economy was progressively changed into a market economy and primarily agricultural economy has been transforming into an urban and industrial economy. As a result, Chinas farmland use has been greatly changed accompanying with rapid socioeconomic development. On the one hand, much farmland has been lost due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, and grain production capacity of China has consistently been reduced due to the loss of farmland, which has led to a great pressure on grain production security. On the other hand many surplus rural laborers have been forced to strive hard to find a job in cities. Recently, Chinas farmland use and grain production security have increasingly attracted interest both home and abroad. Exploiting foreign land resources would be conductive to ensuring national food security Based on the analysis of Chinas grain demands and the advantages of exploitation of foreign land resources, as well as international patterns of grain production and its trade, it was concluded that Southeast Asia and South America would become major regions for our investment on foreign land resources exploitation, and North America, Europe and Oceania would only be taken as origin markets for importing grains in the long run. Taking into account stability of political situations willingness of exploiting potential land resources and demands for importing international agricultural developing funds of target countries, and their foreign relations and cooperation records with China, an assessment index system was developed to select major potential cooperative countries. Ten target countries, i.e., Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos Myanmar, Russia, Brazil, Argentina and Nigeria, were selected based on the assessment results After analyzing the status quo of land resources exploitation and the investment cost and risk in the ten countries, the authors classified such target countries into four types, i.e., low exploitation potential and low running cost, high exploitation potential and high running cost, high exploitation potential and low running cost, and high exploitation potential and high investing risk. Then, the authors put forward the strategy for rationally exploiting foreign land resources, which include three modes, i.e., purchasing from international grain markets, investment on profit capture and investment on grain buy-back. Finally, some policies and measures to ensure implementation of the strategy were given from the perspectives of establishing corporation in exploitation, improving the financial system and insuring system as well as the tax system and labor-exporting system Key words: Foreign land resources; Grain security; Grain production and trade patterns Exploitation strategy; Policies C1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://wwwchutphoou.resci.cn2010年5月 邹 健等：国际土地资源开发利用战略初探 http://www.resci.cn APreliminaryStudyof Strategies for China’s Participation in the Exploitation of Land Resources Abroad ZOU Jian1，2 ，LONG Hualou1 ，HU Zhichao1，2 (1.Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100101，China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China) Abstract: China has been experiencing a rapid transition since reform and opening-up policy in late 1978. Centrally planned economy was progressively changed into a market economy and primarily agricultural economy has been transforming into an urban and industrial economy. As a result，China’s farmland use has been greatly changed accompanying with rapid socioeconomic development. On the one hand，much farmland has been lost due to rapid industrialization and urbanization，and grain production capacity of China has consistently been reduced due to the loss of farmland，which has led to a great pressure on grain production security. On the other hand， many surplus rural laborers have been forced to strive hard to find a job in cities. Recently，China’s farmland use and grain production security have increasingly attracted interest both home and abroad. Exploiting foreign land resources would be conductive to ensuring national food security. Based on the analysis of China’s grain demands and the advantages of exploitation of foreign land resources，as well as international patterns of grain production and its trade，it was concluded that Southeast Asia and South America would become major regions for our investment on foreign land resources exploitation，and North America，Europe and Oceania would only be taken as origin markets for importing grains in the long run. Taking into account stability of political situations， willingness of exploiting potential land resources and demands for importing international agricultural developing funds of target countries，and their foreign relations and cooperation records with China，an assessment index system was developed to select major potential cooperative countries. Ten target countries，i.e.，Indonesia，Vietnam，Thailand，Cambodia，Laos， Myanmar，Russia，Brazil，Argentina and Nigeria，were selected based on the assessment results. After analyzing the status quo of land resources exploitation and the investment cost and risk in the ten countries，the authors classified such target countries into four types，i.e.，low exploitation potential and low running cost，high exploitation potential and high running cost，high exploitation potential and low running cost，and high exploitation potential and high investing risk. Then，the authors put forward the strategy for rationally exploiting foreign land resources，which includes three modes，i.e.，purchasing from international grain markets，investment on profit capture and investment on grain buy-back. Finally，some policies and measures to ensure implementation of the strategy were given from the perspectives of establishing corporation in exploitation，improving the financial system and insuring system as well as the tax system and labor-exporting system. Key words: Foreign land resources; Grain security; Grain production and trade patterns; Exploitation strategy; Policies 1013