9. Tumors of the lary The etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations and treatment of laryngeal papilloma The diagnosis and treatment of other benign tumors of the larynx(hemangioma. fibroma and neurofibroma). The etiology, pathology, staging, clinical manifestations, metastasis, diagnosis, differential d iagnosis and treatment of laryngeal carcinoma Chapter 4 Tracheoesophgology 1. Clinical anatomy of the trachea and bronchi: Recognizing the anatomical features and clinical significance of principal bronchi 2. Knowing bronchoscopy and its therapeutic role 3. Mastering the etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis prevention and treatment of foreign bodies in the larynx, trachea, bronchi 4. Recognizing the clinical anatomy of the esophagus and the clinical significance of the four physiological strictures 5. Knowing esophagoscopy and its therapeutic role 6. Mastering the etiology, clinical manifestations, prevention and treatment of foreign bod ies in the esophagus. Knowing the common complications of foreign bodies of the esophagus 7. Recognizing the etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, prevention and treatment of chemical injuries of the pharynx and esophagus Contents 1. Clinical anatomy of the trachea, bronchi and esophagus9. Tumors of the larynx The etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations and treatment of laryngeal papilloma. The diagnosis and treatment of other benign tumors of the larynx (hemangioma, fibroma and neurofibroma). The etiology, pathology, staging, clinical manifestations, metastasis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal carcinoma. Chapter 4 Tracheoesophgology Objectives: 1. Clinical anatomy of the trachea and bronchi: Recognizing the anatomical features and clinical significance of principal bronchi. 2. Knowing bronchoscopy and its therapeutic role. 3. Mastering the etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, prevention and treatment of foreign bodies in the larynx, trachea, bronchi. 4. Recognizing the clinical anatomy of the esophagus and the clinical significance of the four physiological strictures. 5. Knowing esophagoscopy and its therapeutic role. 6. Mastering the etiology, clinical manifestations, prevention and treatment of foreign bodies in the esophagus. Knowing the common complications of foreign bodies of the esophagus. 7. Recognizing the etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, prevention and treatment of chemical injuries of the pharynx and esophagus. Contents: 1. Clinical anatomy of the trachea, bronchi and esophagus