·Contemporary vs.archaic(新词/I旧词（现代词/估代词）) ·Common vs..official(普通用语/公文用语) y(普通用语文学用语) me sh sty 。 stylistic synonym xplanatory/descriptive(idiomati 3.问题与应用（能力要求 the e among forma They ust also dete ine whether e standard lar regional dialect ical term writer 第六节Choice of Ambiguous Meanings(模糊意义) 1.主要内容 s.tha tatior 2,基本概念和知识点 Lexical an biguity((词汇歧义the multiple meaning of the utterance ambiguity(结构歧义)：the multiple meaning of the utterance 3能要n Clarify the ambiguity. 第七节.Choice of Extended Meanings(引申意义) 1.主要内容 It is often difficult to find a suitable Chinese translation for an English word or expression in E-C dictionaries and a mechanical translation may be unintelligible to our readers.One way out is to extend the meaning from the concrete or specific to the abstract or general,or vice versa. 2.基本概念和知识点 1>extend the meaning from the concrete or specific to the abstract or genera >extend the meaning from the abstract or general to the concrete or specific 3.问题与应用（能力要求） Choose the right extended meaning. 第八节Choice of Equivalent meanings(对应意义) 1.主要内容 Some english words or expressions look equivalent to their Chinese counterparts but actually they are differ ent.These are called“false friends” Car eless are ligble ke words in the two lang ages but in fact are diffe ent in m p Care should be taken not be confined or taken away by what we see in the original text. 2.基本概念和知识点 ▪ Contemporary vs. archaic (新词/旧词（现代词/古代词）) ▪ Common vs. official (普通用语/公文用语) ▪ Common vs. literary (普通用语/文学用语) ▪ Some English stylistic synonyms ▪ neutral / informal /formal(literary) ▪ some English words with their Chinese stylistic synonyms ▪ words/explanatory/descriptive(idiomatic) 3. 问题与应用（能力要求） Translators have to choose among formal words, neutral words, and informal words to ensure that the style is appropriate to the original context. They must also determine whether to use standard language or regional dialects, archaic words or contemporary words, general words or technical terms, etc. Literary translators must also try to reflect the idiolect of the source language writer. 第六节 Choice of Ambiguous Meanings(模糊意义) 1. 主要内容 Ambiguity: one surface structure covering two or more deep structures, that is, one linguistic expression allows more than one understandings or interpretations. 2. 基本概念和知识点 Lexical ambiguity(词汇歧义): the multiple meaning of the utterance depends on the single word. Structural ambiguity(结构歧义): the multiple meaning of the utterance depends on the sentence structure. 3. 问题与应用（能力要求） Clarify the ambiguity. 第七节. Choice of Extended Meanings(引申意义) 1. 主要内容 It is often difficult to find a suitable Chinese translation for an English word or expression in E-C dictionaries and a mechanical translation may be unintelligible to our readers. One way out is to extend the meaning from the concrete or specific to the abstract or general , or vice versa. 2. 基本概念和知识点 1> extend the meaning from the concrete or specific to the abstract or general 2> extend the meaning from the abstract or general to the concrete or specific 3. 问题与应用（能力要求） Choose the right extended meaning. 第八节 Choice of Equivalent meanings (对应意义) 1. 主要内容 Some English words or expressions look equivalent to their Chinese counterparts, but actually they are different. These are called “false friends”. Careless beginners are liable to take too literally or mix up those words or expressions which look alike in the two languages but in fact are different in meaning. Care should be taken not be confined or taken away by what we see in the original text. 2. 基本概念和知识点