in the upper dialogue box. Many features on display are available, but the most basic is the search capability. For bibliographic searching you may enter in the dialogue box under MEDLINE a search term, author name, or journal name. For example, you may want to type in“ bovine alpha-lactalbumin” licking on“ Search” will then provide over500 itations(or articles). The lists are composed of author(s), title and reference in reverse chronological order. By clicking on the author's name(in hypertext), you can retrieve the abstract of the article. Another useful and time-saving feature is the hypertext(see Related Articles) ". Clicking on this will provide a list of papers related to the specific citation. The 500 papers or so that you obtained in your original search are too many to screen; you may change the search parameters to reduce the number. Clicking on the "?"in the upper right-hand corner of the screen provides help for focusing the search process. 2. Using Web tools and biological databases Point your Web browser to the Protein Data Bank(PDB) and the research CollaboratoryforStructuralBioinformatics(http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/.Becomeacquainted with the PDB by viewing the home page and perhaps clicking ome hyperlinks. Scroll until you find the term "Searchlite "under Search on the right side of the screen. Clicking on Searchlite will display a dialogue box for keywords. Type in"human alpha-lactalbumin"and click on Search. Your query will find at least seven structures that are listed. Click on the white square to the left and"EXPLORE to the right of Structure 1A4V. This will display Structure Explorer" with"Summary Information"about the structure of the protein. Clicking on the "?"will provide help if necessary. Review the functions possible on the left side of the screen. Click on“ View Structure" to observe“ Interactive3 D Display”and“stil Images". First, study the still images of human alpha-lactalbumin in ribbon or cylinder form. You may click on 250x250 or 500x500 to enlarge. Note the presence of a-helices and B-sheets in the structure After studying the still images, click on "Chime "under Interactive 3D Display. Now, you will observe the ribbon structure rotating on an axis. Use"Chime Help "at the bottom of the screen to learn mouse Controls of the rotating structure Now return to the Summary Information list to try other functions. Click on"Sequence Details"to observe the amino acid sequence and definition of secondary structures. You may do an ftp download of this file by clicking on"Download in FASTA format". FASTA format is a listing of amino acid sequences using the standard single-letter abbreviation for each amino acid. Clicking on "Geometry"will display tables of bond angles and lengths. Similar sequence studies may be done by clicking on the function"Structural Neighbors". Several tools are available to search for similar structures. Try the VAST tooL Clicking on"VAST"will provide two options, Sequence Neighbors and Structure Neighbors. Clicking on"Sequence Neighbors single chain"will display a list of many proteins with sequences similar to that of human alpha-lactalbumin. Note that most are alpha-lactalbumins from other species, but if you303 in the upper dialogue box. Many features on display are available, but the most basic is the search capability. For bibliographic searching you may enter in the dialogue box under MEDLINE a search term, author name, or journal name. For example, you may want to type in “bovine alpha-lactalbumin”. Clicking on “Search” will then provide over 500 citations(or articles). The lists are composed of author(s), title, and reference in reverse chronological order. By clicking on the author’s name(in hypertext), you can retrieve the abstract of the article. Another useful and time-saving feature is the hypertext “(see Related Articles)”. Clicking on this will provide a list of papers related to the specific citation. The 500 papers or so that you obtained in your original search are too many to screen; you may change the search parameters to reduce the number. Clicking on the “?” in the upper right-hand corner of the screen provides help for focusing the search process. 2. Using Web tools and biological databases Point your Web browser to the Protein Data Bank(PDB) and the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics(http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/). Become acquainted with the PDB by viewing the home page and perhaps clicking on some hyperlinks. Scroll until you find the term “Searchlite” under Search on the right side of the screen. Clicking on Searchlite will display a dialogue box for keywords. Type in “human alpha-lactalbumin” and click on Search. Your query will find at least seven structures that are listed. Click on the white square to the left and “EXPLORE” to the right of Structure 1A4V. This will display “Structure Explorer” with “Summary Information” about the structure of the protein. Clicking on the “?” will provide help if necessary. Review the functions possible on the left side of the screen. Click on “View Structure” to observe “Interactive 3D Display” and “Still Images”. First, study the still images of human alpha-lactalbumin in ribbon or cylinder form. You may click on 250x250 or 500x500 to enlarge. Note the presence of -helices and -sheets in the structure. After studying the still images, click on “Chime” under Interactive 3D Display. Now, you will observe the ribbon structure rotating on an axis. Use “Chime Help” at the bottom of the screen to learn Mouse Controls of the rotating structure. Now return to the Summary Information list to try other functions. Click on “Sequence Details” to observe the amino acid sequence and definition of secondary structures. You may do an ftp download of this file by clicking on “Download in FASTA format”. FASTA format is a listing of amino acid sequences using the standard single-letter abbreviation for each amino acid. Clicking on “Geometry” will display tables of bond angles and lengths. Similar sequence studies may be done by clicking on the function “Structural Neighbors”. Several tools are available to search for similar structures. Try the VAST tool. Clicking on “VAST” will provide two options, Sequence Neighbors and Structure Neighbors. Clicking on “Sequence Neighbors: single chain” will display a list of many proteins with sequences similar to that of human alpha-lactalbumin. Note that most are alpha-lactalbumins from other species, but if you