·504· 北京科技大学学报 2005年第4期 参考文献 (412 [1]Pyragas K.Continous of chaos by self-controlling feedback [4陈国良，王煦法，王东生.遗传算法及其应用，北京：人民 Phys Lett A,1992(170):421 邮电出版社，1996 [2]Pyragas K.Tamasevicius A.Experimental control of chaos by [5们李鉴，郑德玲，一种新的模糊遗传算法.北京科技大学学 delayed self-controlling feedback.Phys Lett A.1993(180):99 报，2001,23(1)：184 [3]尧辉明.Lorenz系统的混沌控制.兰州铁道学院学报，2001 Application of a time-delayed feedback control method based on the fuzzy genetic algorithm for chaos control LI Qing,SONG Dingle,LI Qin,YIN Yixin,ZHOU Hui 1)Information Engineering School,University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083,China 2)Hebei Polytechnic University,Tangshan 063009,China ABSTRACT A time-delayed feedback control method based on the fuzzy genetic algorithm was proposed for chaos control.The fuzzy genetic algorithm was used to optimize parameters of the time-delayed feedback control method.The results of simulation for controlling a chaotic Lorenz system to a fixed point and a period-2 orbit show that the new algorithm has many advantages such as fastness and strong anti-interference. KEY WORDS chaos control;time-delayed feedback control;fuzzy genetic algorithm:Lorenz system;parameter optimization e理as堂s堂理a望ses堂es理e堂理堂e堂s堂e6业业堂56业业e堂as堂s望es业堂a堂e (上接第476页) [11]Iwasita T,Xia X H.Adsorption of water at Pt(111)electrode in Phys Chem B,1997,101(38):7542 HCIO,solutions:The potential of zero charge.J Electroanal [14]Schmidt TJ,Ross PN,Markovic N M.Temperature-dependent Chem,1996,411:95 surface electrochemistry on Pt single crystals in alkaline electro- [12]Hirota K,Song MB,Ito M.In-situ infrared spectroscopy of wat- lyte:Part I CO oxidation.J Phys Chem B,2001,105(48): er and electrolytes adsorbed on a Pt(111)electrode surface in 12082 acid solution:Structural changes of adsorbed water molecules [15]Frelink T,Visscher W,van Veen JA R.Particle size effect of car- upon electrode potential.Chem Phys Lett,1996,250:335. bon-supported platinum catalysts for the electrooxidation of [13]Iwasita T,Xia X H,Liess H D,et al.Electrocatalysis of organic methanol.J Electroanal Chem,1995,382:65 oxidation:Influence of water adsorption on the rate of rection.J Effect of electrochemical activation condition on the catalytic activity of Pt/C cata- lysts for methanol electro-oxidation ZHANG Hongfei,WANG Xindong Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School,University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083,China ABSTRACT By means of the cyclic voltammogram,the effects of upper potential and activation mode on the catalytic activity of two Pt/C catalysts prepared by the sulfurous route and the stannous method for methanol electro- oxidation were investigated.It is showed that different catalysts obtains different optimistical upper potentials in step-by step activation by changing upper potential.At the optimum upper potential,one-step activation is more ef- fective than step-by step activation for the stannous Pt/C catalyst.Different activities obtained under different acti- vation modes indicates that Pt is transformed into different states during different activation processes which endow the resultant catalyst with the distinct adsorption capability and rate for anions and water. KEY WORDS Pt/C catalyst;methanol electro-oxidation;cyclic voltammogram;electrochemical activation. 5 0 4 - 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 2 0 5 年 第 4 期 (4 ) 一 一一一一一一一一一 参 考 文 献 (4 ) : 21 [ l ] Py 哪 sa K . C o nt 均 o u s o f e h a o s by s e lf￾e o n rt o llni g fe e bd 助 k . P七y s L e t t A , 19 9 2 ( 17 0) : 4 2 1 [ 2 ] P y吨aS K , 1初 11 as ve i c i u s A . E x P e r im e n at 】e o n tr 0 1 o f ch ao s by de lay e d s e l-f e o n tr o ll ign fe db 即 k . P h ys L e t A , 19 3 ( 1 80 ) : 9 9 口l 尧辉 明 . L o re 肚 系统 的混 沌 控制 . 兰 州铁 道学 院学报 , 20 1 4[ 〕 陈 国 良 , 王 煦法 , 王 东生 . 遗传 算法及 其应 用 . 北京 : 人 民 邮电 出版 社 , 19 9 6 5[ ] 李 擎 , 郑德玲 . 一种新 的模糊 遗传算 法 . 北京科 技大 学学 报 , 20 0 1 , 2 3 ( I ) : ! 84 AP P li e at i o n o f a t im e 一 d e lay e d fe e db a e k e o ntr o l m e ht o d b a s e d o n ht e fu z yZ g e n e t i e a lg o ir th m of r c h a o s c o n tr o l L l Qi n g l ), S O N G D i n gl 矛), lL Qi n , ), 17 N 取 i n , ), Z付 O U uH i , , l ) I n fo n 刀 a tion E n g in e er ign S c h o l , U n i v ers ity o f S e i cen e an d eT c ho 0 1 0 g y B e ijign , B e ij ign 10 0 0 8 3 , C h i n a 2 ) H e be i P o lyt e e ho l e t 〕 n i v e rs ity, 毛川 g sh阴 0 6 30 0 9 , C h in a A B S T R A C T A t im e 一 d e l ay e d fe e db a e k e o n t r o l m e t h o d b as e d on ht e fu z z y g e ne it c al g o ir t 加m w as Pro P o s e d fo r e ha o s c on tro l . hT e if 』z z y g en e t i e a lg ior t】1 0 1 w a s us e d to o Pt im i z e P a r a r n e t ers o f ht e t lm e 一 d e l ay e d fe e db ac k e on tr o l m e ht o d . hT e re s ul t s o f s imu lat i o n fo r e 0 n tr o 1l ing a e h a o t i e L o r e n z s y s te m to a if x e d P o int an d a P e ir o d 一 Z o rb i t s h ow ht at hte ne w al g ior t加rn h a s m an y a d V a n t a g e s s uc h as fas in e s s an d s tr o n g ant i 一 int e rfe ren c .e K E Y W O R D S e h a o s e o n t r o l ; t im e 一 d e lay e d fe e db ac k e o n tr o l声以y ge ne it e al g o n t l l l l l ; L o re nz s y s te m ; P田旧 n l e te r o P t im i z at i o n ( 上接 第 4 7 6 页) 1 11 ] Iw as ita T , X i a X H . A d s o rp t ion o f w ate r at t(P 1l 1) e l e e tr od e in H C 10 . s o lut ion s : hT e P o t e n t ial o f ez ro hc 山琶e . J E lec tre a n a l C 卜e m , 19 9 6 , 4 11 : 9 5 [ 12 1 H ir o at K , S o gn M B , otI M . I n 一 s iot in fr ar e d s pe c otr s e o yP o f w a-t e r an d e l e c t r o lyt e s a d s o rb e d o n a P t (川 ) e le c tr o ds s u r af e e in ac id s o lut ion : S tl u c tur a l c h an g e s o f a d s o rb e d w at e r m o l e e u l e s u P o n e leC otr d e P o 抚n t ial . C h恤 P h ys L e 廿 , 19 9 6 , 2 50 : 33 5 , [ 1 3 } Iw as 而 T, X i a X H , L i e s s H D , et al . E l e c tr o c at a ly s i s o f o r g叭i e ox i diat o n : I n flu e n e e o f w ate r a d s o尽i o n o n hte r a t e o f r e c ti o n . J P h y s C h e m B , 19 97 , 10 1( 38 ) : 7 54 2 【14] S c l u l l l dt T J , OR ss P N , M ar k vo i e N M . eT m pe r a tU r e · d e P e n d e n t s u r af c e e l e ctr o c h e m i s tr’y o n tP s in g l e c ry s atl s in a 1k a 1 ine e lce trO - lyt e : P a rt 1 C O o x id a t i o n , J P h” C h e m B , 2 0() l , 10 5 (4 8 ) : 12 0 8 2 [ 15 ] F re l ink T, 巧 s s c h e r w, v 姐珑 c n J A R . P art l c l e s公 e fe tC o f e ar - ob -n s u Pp o rt e d P lat l n u m e at ly st of r ht e e l e e tr o o 叉 ldiat o n o f m e th an o l . J E k c t r o a n a l C h e m , 19 9 5 , 3 82 : 6 5 E fe e t o f e l e c tr o e h e m i e a l a e t i v at i o n e o n d it i o n o n ht e e at a lyt i e a e t i v ity o f P 灯C c 咖 - l y s t s ofr m e ht an o l e l e e otr 一 o x id at i o n 刀朔刃 G H U n沙i, 恻刃 G iX n do gn M e at ll u r gi c a l an d E e o l o g i e al E n g in e e o n g S c h o o l , U n i v e r s ity o f s e i cen e an d eT e hn o l o 盯 B e ij毗 , B e ij in g l 0 0 0 8 3 , Ch in a A B S T R A C T B y m e an s o f ht e cy e li e v o lt am o g 笠m , ht e e fe e t s o f u P P e r P o t ent i a l an d 即 t i v at i on m o d e on het e at lyt i e ac it v iyt o f wt o 例C e at ly s t s P r e P aer d by het su l fur ous or ut e an d ht e s t an o us m e t h o d fo r m e t h an o l e l e c otr - o x id iat on wer ivn e s t i gat e d . ft 1 5 s h ow e d t h a t d i fe r e nt e at a ly s t s ob at i n s id fe r ent o tP im i s it c a l u P p e r P o te n ti al s i n s etP 一 by s et P a e it v iat o n by e h an g ign u PPer P ot e int al . iA t h e 0 P t l m 切 rn uP P er P o t e n t i a l , o ne 一 s t e P ac it v iat o n i s m o er e f fe e t i v e t h a n s招P七 y s t eP a e t i v at ion for ht e s t a n n o u s P灯C e at aly s t . D i fe r e n t ac it v i it e s ob iat n e d un d e r id 月七r ent ac t i · v at ion m o d e s in id e at e s ht at P t 1 5 tr an s fo n n e d i nt o di fe r e n t st at e s d u ir n g d i fe r e n t ac it v iat o n rP o e e s s e s w h i ch e n d ow het er s ul t助t c at ly s t w i ht het d i s t icn t a d s o pr t i o n c ap ab i li yt an d r at e fo r ian on s an d w at e .r K E Y W O R D S P灯C e at ly s t ; m e ht ano l e l e e otr 一 o x i d a t i o n ; e y e li c v o lt田叭 m o gr aJ 旧 ; e l ce otr e h e m i e a l ac it vat ion