C.Colorectal carcinoma D.Gastric adenocarcinoma E.Leukemia 41.On a routine visit to the physician,an otherwise healthy 51 year-old man has an elevated blood pressure of 150/95 mm Hg.If the patient's hypertension remains untreated for years,which of the following cellular alterations will most likely be seen in the myoca rdium (he art muscle)? A.Atrophy B.Hemosiderosis C.Hypertrophy D.Metaplasia E.Sclerosis 42.A 72 year-old man died suddenly and unexpectedly from congestive heart failure.At autopsy,the heart was very enlarged and weighed 580 grams.There was marked left ventricular hypertrophy and minimal coronary arterial atherosclerosis.A serum chemistry panel ordered prior to death showed no abnormalities.Which of the follo ing pathologi proces counts for the appearance of his aortic valve,which is seen in the figure?( A.Amvloidosis B.Dystrophic calcification C.Fatty Change D.Hemosidero E.Lipofuscin deposition 43.A 16 year-old boy sustained blunt trauma to the abdomen when the vehicle he was driving struck a bridge abutment at high speed.Peritoneal lavage (washing the p oneal cavity with saline)showed a um (blood in the abdominal cavity),and at laparot my (surgical exploratic the men),a small portion of the left lobe of the liver was removed because of the injury. Several weeks later,a CT scan of the abdomen shows that the liver is nearly normal in size again.Which of the following processes best explains this phenomenon？() A.Apoptosis B.Dysplasia C.Fatty change D.Hydropic change E.Hvperplasia 44.Which of the following statements is correct?() A.Autophagy is a rare process that is always associated with disease. B.Autophagy is important in cellular defense against microorganisms. C.Autophagy is not involved in cellular differentiation. C. Colorectal carcinoma D. Gastric adenocarcinoma E. Leukemia 41. On a routine visit to the physician, an otherwise healthy 51 year-old man has an elevated blood pressure of 150/95 mm Hg. If the patient’s hypertension remains untreated for years, which of the following cellular alterations will most likely be seen in the myocardium (heart muscle)? （ ） A. Atrophy B. Hemosiderosis C. Hypertrophy D. Metaplasia E. Sclerosis 42. A 72 year-old man died suddenly and unexpectedly from congestive heart failure. At autopsy, the heart was very enlarged and weighed 580 grams. There was marked left ventricular hypertrophy and minimal coronary arterial atherosclerosis. A serum chemistry panel ordered prior to death showed no abnormalities. Which of the following pathologic processes best accounts for the appearance of his aortic valve, which is seen in the figure? （ ） A. Amyloidosis B. Dystrophic calcification C. Fatty Change D. Hemosiderosis E. Lipofuscin deposition 43. A 16 year-old boy sustained blunt trauma to the abdomen when the vehicle he was driving struck a bridge abutment at high speed. Peritoneal lavage (washing the peritoneal cavity with saline) showed a hemoperitoneum (blood in the abdominal cavity), and at laparotomy (surgical exploration of the abdomen), a small portion of the left lobe of the liver was removed because of the injury. Several weeks later, a CT scan of the abdomen shows that the liver is nearly normal in size again. Which of the following processes best explains this phenomenon? （ ） A. Apoptosis B. Dysplasia C. Fatty change D. Hydropic change E. Hyperplasia 44. Which of the following statements is correct?（ ） A. Autophagy is a rare process that is always associated with disease. B. Autophagy is important in cellular defense against microorganisms. C. Autophagy is not involved in cellular differentiation