430 地球科学进展 第30卷 别此类毒性有机化合物的来源2;而大气样品中有 region[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2014, 29(3): 388-396. 机酸(如草酸)的“C测定可以用来揭示二次气溶胶 王跃思,张军科,王莉莉,等.京津冀区域大气霾污染研究意 的来源{4。将“C测定技术与其他分子标志物的测 义、现状及展望[冂].地球科学进展,2014,29(3):388- 定以及源解析模型(如正矩阵因数分解和化学质量[1HHmg, Wang xinmi, Wang yuesi,a.re mecha- 平衡法等)相结合对大气气溶胶来源定量解析,势 sm and control strategies of haze in China[J] 必能提供更准确和更完善的来源信息并进一步减小 nese Academy of Sciences,2013,28:344-352.[贺泓,王新明, 源解析的不确定性。此外,气溶胶C源解析技术 跃思,等.大气灰霾追因与控制[J].中国科学院院刊 的应用可以尝试从点源观测(如城市和背景点)向 2013,28:344352.] 观测群延伸,如全国或者一定区域(如珠三角和长[121cmeL. Evolution and multidisciplinary frontiers of C sol science[J]. Radiocarbon, 2000, 42(1): 115-126. 三角等)的气溶胶观测网络中,这样可以建立基于(13] ang Shichun, Wang Yvon, Tong Quansong. The use of car- 野外观测的“自上而下”的有机碳和元素碳的来源 apportionment of carbonaceous 排放清单解析,从而可以从一定程度上检验、印证和 aerosols: A review [J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2013, 28 修正基于排放因子的“自下而上”的研究结果,最终 (1):62-70.[张世春,王毅勇,童全松碳同位素技术在碳质 减小我国含碳气溶胶排放清单的不确定性。 气溶胶源解析中应用的研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2013 28(1):62-70.] 参考文献( References): [ 14] Reddy C M, Xu L. Using radiocarbon to apportion yeyelic aromatic hydrocarbons in household soot [J].Environ- [1] Duan Fengkui, He Kebin, Liu Xiande, et aL. Review of carbona- mental Forensics, 2003. 4.191-197 aerosols studies: Organic carbon and elemental carbon[J] [15 Lewis C W, Klouda G A, Ellenson W D. Radiocarbon measure- journal of Enrironmental Engineering, 2007, 1(8): 1-8 ent of the biogenic contribution to su PM-2.5 an 贺克斌,刘咸德,等.含碳气溶胶研究进展:有机 aerosol in Nashville, TN[J]. Atmospheric Entironment, 2004 碳和元素碳[J].环境工程学报,2007,1(8):18.] 38(35):6053606 [2]Cao JJ, Lee S C, Chow JC, et al. Spatial and seasonal distribu- [16] Szidat S, Jenk T M, Gaggeler H W, et al. Radiocarbon(C) tions of carbonaceous aerosols over China[ J]. 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Nuclear Instruments and Meth-别此类毒性有机化合物的来源[52] ;而大气样品中有 机酸(如草酸)的14C 测定可以用来揭示二次气溶胶 的来源[46] 。 将14C 测定技术与其他分子标志物的测 定以及源解析模型(如正矩阵因数分解和化学质量 平衡法等)相结合对大气气溶胶来源定量解析,势 必能提供更准确和更完善的来源信息并进一步减小 源解析的不确定性。 此外,气溶胶14 C 源解析技术 的应用可以尝试从点源观测(如城市和背景点) 向 观测群延伸,如全国或者一定区域(如珠三角和长 三角等)的气溶胶观测网络中,这样可以建立基于 野外观测的“自上而下冶的有机碳和元素碳的来源 排放清单解析,从而可以从一定程度上检验、印证和 修正基于排放因子的“自下而上冶的研究结果,最终 减小我国含碳气溶胶排放清单的不确定性。 参考文献(References): [1] Duan Fengkui, He Kebin, Liu Xiande, et al. Review of carbona鄄 ceous aerosols studies: Organic carbon and elemental carbon[ J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2007, 1(8): 1鄄8. [段凤魁, 贺克斌, 刘咸德, 等. 含碳气溶胶研究进展: 有机 碳和元素碳[J]. 环境工程学报, 2007, 1(8): 1鄄8. ] [2] Cao J J, Lee S C, Chow J C, et al. Spatial and seasonal distribu鄄 tions of carbonaceous aerosols over China[J]. Journal of Geophysi鄄 cal Research—Atmospheres, 2007, 112 ( D22 ), doi: 10. 1029 / 2006JD008205. [3] P觟schl U. Atmospheric aerosols: Composition, transformation, cli鄄 mate and health effects[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edi鄄 tion, 2005, 44(46): 7 520鄄7 540. [4] Chow J C, Watson J G. PM2. 5 carbonate concentrations at region鄄 ally representative interagency monitoring of protected visual envi鄄 ronment sites[ J]. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres, 2002, 107(D21),doi:10. 1029 / 2001JD000574. [5] Jacobson M Z. Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols [ J ]. Nature, 2001, 409 (6 821): 695鄄697. [6] Bond T C, Doherty S J, Fahey D W, et al. Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment[ J]. Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres, 2013, 118: 5 380鄄 5 552. [7] Nel A. Air pollution鄄related illness: Effects of particles[ J]. Sci鄄 ence, 2005, 308(5 723): 804鄄806. [8] Vineis P, Forastiere F, Hoek G, et al. Outdoor air pollution and lung cancer: Recent epidemiologic evidence [ J ]. International Journal of Cancer, 2004, 111(5): 647鄄652. [9] Huang R J, Zhang Y, Bozzetti C, et al. High secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China [J]. Nature, 2014, 514(7 521): 218鄄22. [10] Wang Yuesi, Zhang Junke, Wang Lili, et al. Researching signif鄄 icance, status and expectation of haze in Beijing鄄Tianjin鄄Hebei region[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2014, 29(3): 388鄄396. [王跃思,张军科,王莉莉,等. 京津冀区域大气霾污染研究意 义、现状及展望[ J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29 ( 3 ): 388鄄 396. ] [11] He Hong, Wang Xinming, Wang Yuesi, et al. Formation mecha鄄 nism and control strategies of haze in China[J]. Bulletin of Chi鄄 nese Academy of Sciences, 2013, 28: 344鄄352. [贺泓, 王新明, 王跃思, 等. 大气灰霾追因与控制[ J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2013, 28: 344鄄352. ] [12] Currie L A. Evolution and multidisciplinary frontiers of 14C aero鄄 sol science[J]. Radiocarbon, 2000, 42(1): 115鄄126. [13] Zhang Shichun, Wang Yiyong, Tong Quansong. The use of car鄄 bon isotope analysis in source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosols: A review [ J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2013, 28 (1):62鄄70. 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Nuclear Instruments and Meth鄄 430 地球科学进展 第 30 卷