There are other kinds of transfer, such as. concrete to abstract, abstract to concrete and transfer of sensation 语境的种类:非语言语境。语言语境:词汇语境和语法语境。 There are two types of contexts context and extra-linguistic (or non-linguistic context) Extra-linguistic context refers to those situations and features which are not directly a part of the language in use but which either contribute in conveying a message or have an influence on language use. linguistic or Intra-linguistic context is further subdivided into lexical context and grammatical context. By lexica context we mean the words that occur together with the word in question. By grammatical context we mean that the meanings of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs 语境的作用: Three major functions of context: elimination of ambiguity, indication of referents, provision of clues for inferring word-meaning. Context an be summed up as follows: 1) definition 2)explanation 3) example 4)synonymy 5) antonymy 6) hyponymy 7)relevant details 8)word structure 英语习语的特点 The characteristics of idioms include semantic unity and structural stability 英语习语的分类 According to the criterion of their grammatical functions,we classify them into idioms nominal in nature, idioms adjectival in nature, idioms verbal in nature, idioms adverbial in nature, and sentence idioms. The stylistic features are characterized with colloquialisms, slang, and literary expressions. 英语习语的使用 The use of idioms involves their stylistic features, rhetorical features,and variations of idioms 英语习语的修辞色彩 The rhetorical features of idioms are represented with phonetic manipulation( alliteration头韵法 and rhyme叠韵), lexical manipulation ( reiteration复用, repetition重复 and juxtaposition反义词叠用), figures of speech ( simile明喻, metaphor暗喻, metonymy转喻, synecdoche借代, personification拟人, euphemism委婉) 英语习语的变异形式 In the variations, addition, deletion, replacement, position-shifting and dismember are involved in the changes in idioms consti tuents Associative meaning: 1)associative meaning is the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. 2)It differs from the conceptual meaning in that it is open-ended and determinated. 3)It is liable to the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion geographical region, class background, education, etc. 4)Associative meaning comprises four types: connotative, stylistic, affective, and collocativeThere are other kinds of transfer, such as, concrete to abstract, abstract to concrete and transfer of sensation. 语境的种类:非语言语境。语言语境：词汇语境和语法语境。There are two types of contexts: linguistic context and extra-linguistic (or non-linguistic context). Extra-linguistic context refers to those situations and features which are not directly a part of the language in use but which either contribute in conveying a message or have an influence on language use. Linguistic or Intra-linguistic context is further subdivided into lexical context and grammatical context. By lexical context we mean the words that occur together with the word in question. By grammatical context we mean that the meanings of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs. 语境的作用：Three major functions of context: elimination of ambiguity, indication of referents, provision of clues for inferring word-meaning. Context an be summed up as follows:1) definition 2) explanation 3) example 4) synonymy 5) Antonymy 6)hyponymy 7) relevant details 8) word structure 英语习语的特点 The characteristics of idioms include semantic unity and structural stability. 英语习语的分类 According to the criterion of their grammatical functions, we classify them into idioms nominal in nature, idioms adjectival in nature, idioms verbal in nature, idioms adverbial in nature, and sentence idioms. The stylistic features are characterized with colloquialisms, slang, and literary expressions. 英语习语的使用 The use of idioms involves their stylistic features, rhetorical features , and variations of idioms. 英语习语的修辞色彩 The rhetorical features of idioms are represented with phonetic manipulation ( alliteration 头 韵 法 and rhyme 叠 韵 ) , lexical manipulation ( reiteration 复用, repetition 重复 and juxtaposition 反义词叠用), figures of speech ( simile 明喻, metaphor 暗喻, metonymy 转喻, synecdoche 借代, personification 拟人, euphemism 委婉) 英 语 习 语 的 变 异 形 式 In the variations, addition, deletion, replacement, position-shifting and dismembering are involved in the changes in idioms constituents . Associative meaning : 1) associative meaning is the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. 2)It differs from the conceptual meaning in that it is open-ended and indeterminated. 3)It is liable to the influence of such factors as culture , experience, religion, geographical region, class background,education, etc. 4)Associative meaning comprises four types : connotative, stylistic, affective, and collocative