How to Use This Book Effectively This book is organized by chapters and sections within chapters.For a listing of contents,see pp.vii-xiv.Fundamental concepts and associated equations within each section lay the foundation for applications of engineering thermodynamics provided in solved examples,end-of-chapter problems and exercises,and accompanying discussions Boxed material within sections of the book allows you to explore selected topics in greater depth,as in the boxed discussion of properties and nonproperties on p.10. Contemporary issues related to thermodynamics are introduced throughout the text with three unique features:ENERGY& ENVIRONMENT discussions explore issues related to energy resource use and the environment,as in the discussion of hybrid vehicles on p.41.BIOCONNECTIONS tie topics to applications in bioengineering and biomedicine,as in the discussion of control volumes of living things and their organs on p.7. Horizonslink subject matter to emerging technologies and thought-provoking issues,as in the discussion of nanotechnology on p.15. Other core features of this book that facilitate your study and contribute to your understanding include: Examples Numerous annotated solved examples are provided that feature the solution methodology presented in Sec.1.9 and illustrated in Example 1.1.We encourage you to study these examples,including the accompanying comments. Each solved example concludes with a list of the Skills Developed in solving the example and a Quick Quiz that allows an immediate check of understanding. Less formal examples are given throughout the text.They open with D FoR EXAMPL and close with4.These examples also should be studied. Exercises Each chapter has a set of discussion questions under the heading EXERCISES:THINGS ENGINEERS THINK ABOUT that may be done on an individual or small-group basis.They allow you to gain a deeper understanding of the text material and think critically. Every chapter has a set of questions in a section calledHKN UNDERSANDIN that provide opportunity for individual or small group self-testing of the fundamental ideas presented in the chapter.Included are a variety of exercises,such as matching. fill-in-the-blank,short answer,and true-and-false questions. A large number of end-of-chapter problems also are provided under the heading PROBLEMS:DEVELOPING ENGINEERING SKILLS. The problems are sequenced to coordinate with the subject matter and are listed in increasing order of difficulty.The problems are also classified under headings to expedite the process of selecting review problems to solve.Answers to selected problems are provided on the student companion website that accompanies this book at www.wiley.com/college/moran. Because one purpose of this book is to help you prepare to use thermodynamics in engineering practice,design considerations related to thermodynamics are included.Every chapter has a set of problems under the heading DESIGN OPEN ENDED PROBLEMS:EXPLORING ENGINEERING PRACTICE that provide opportunities for practicing creativ- ity,formulating and solving design and open-ended problems,using the Internet and library resources to find relevant informa- tion,making engineering judgments,and developing communications skills.See,for example,problem 1.10 D on p.36. Further Study Aids Each chapter opens with an introduction giving the engineering context,stating the chapter objective,and listing the learning outcomes. Each chapter concludes with aCHAPTER SUMMARY AND STUDY GUDE that provides a point of departure to study for examinations. For easy reference,each chapter also concludes with lists of KEY ENGINEERING CONCEPTS and D KEY EQUATIONS. Important terms are listed in the margins and coordinated with the text material at those locations. Important equations are set off by a color screen.as for Eq.1.8. TAKE NOTE...in the margin provides just-in-time information that illuminates the current discussion,as on p.8,or refines our problem-solving methodology,as on p.12 and p.22. A in the margin identifies an animation that reinforces the text presentation at that point.Animations can be viewed by going to the student companion website for this book.See TAKE NOTE...on p.8 for further detail about accessing animations. in the margin denotes end-of-chapter problems where the use of appropriate computer software is recommended. For quick reference,conversion factors and important constants are provided on the next page. A list of symbols is provided on the inside back cover.How to Use This Book Effectively This book is organized by chapters and sections within chapters. For a listing of contents, see pp. vii–xiv. Fundamental concepts and associated equations within each section lay the foundation for applications of engineering thermodynamics provided in solved examples, end-of-chapter problems and exercises, and accompanying discussions. Boxed material within sections of the book allows you to explore selected topics in greater depth, as in the boxed discussion of properties and nonproperties on p. 10. Contemporary issues related to thermodynamics are introduced throughout the text with three unique features: ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT discussions explore issues related to energy resource use and the environment, as in the discussion of hybrid vehicles on p. 41. BIOCONNECTIONS tie topics to applications in bioengineering and biomedicine, as in the discussion of control volumes of living things and their organs on p. 7. Horizons link subject matter to emerging technologies and thought-provoking issues, as in the discussion of nanotechnology on p. 15. Other core features of this book that facilitate your study and contribute to your understanding include: Examples c Numerous annotated solved examples are provided that feature the solution methodology presented in Sec. 1.9 and illustrated in Example 1.1. We encourage you to study these examples, including the accompanying comments. c Each solved example concludes with a list of the Skills Developed in solving the example and a Quick Quiz that allows an immediate check of understanding. c Less formal examples are given throughout the text. They open with c FOR EXAMPLE and close with b b b b b. These examples also should be studied. Exercises c Each chapter has a set of discussion questions under the heading c EXERCISES: THINGS ENGINEERS THINK ABOUT that may be done on an individual or small -group basis. They allow you to gain a deeper understanding of the text material and think critically. c Every chapter has a set of questions in a section called c CHECKING UNDERSTANDING that provide opportunity for individual or small group self-testing of the fundamental ideas presented in the chapter. Included are a variety of exercises, such as matching, fill-in-the-blank, short answer, and true-and-false questions. c A large number of end -of -chapter problems also are provided under the heading c PROBLEMS: DEVELOPING ENGINEERING SKILLS . The problems are sequenced to coordinate with the subject matter and are listed in increasing order of difficulty. The problems are also classified under headings to expedite the process of selecting review problems to solve. Answers to selected problems are provided on the student companion website that accompanies this book at www.wiley.com/college/moran. c Because one purpose of this book is to help you prepare to use thermodynamics in engineering practice, design considerations related to thermodynamics are included. Every chapter has a set of problems under the heading c DESIGN & OPEN ENDED PROBLEMS: EXPLORING ENGINEERING PRACTICE that provide opportunities for practicing creativ￾ity, formulating and solving design and open-ended problems, using the Internet and library resources to find relevant informa￾tion, making engineering judgments, and developing communications skills. See, for example, problem 1.10 D on p. 36. Further Study Aids c Each chapter opens with an introduction giving the engineering context, stating the chapter objective, and listing the learning outcomes. c Each chapter concludes with a c CHAPTER SUMMARY AND STUDY GUIDE that provides a point of departure to study for examinations. c For easy reference, each chapter also concludes with lists of c KEY ENGINEERING CONCEPTS and c KEY EQUATIONS . c Important terms are listed in the margins and coordinated with the text material at those locations. c Important equations are set off by a color screen, as for Eq. 1.8. c TAKE NOTE... in the margin provides just-in-time information that illuminates the current discussion, as on p. 8, or refines our problem-solving methodology, as on p. 12 and p. 22. c in the margin identifies an animation that reinforces the text presentation at that point. Animations can be viewed by going to the student companion website for this book. See TAKE NOTE... on p. 8 for further detail about accessing animations. c in the margin denotes end -of -chapter problems where the use of appropriate computer software is recommended. c For quick reference, conversion factors and important constants are provided on the next page. c A list of symbols is provided on the inside back cover