Conversion Factors Mass and Density Pressure 1kg =2.20461b 1 Pa =1N/m2 1 g/cm3 =103 kg/m3 =1.4504×10-41 bf/in.2 1g/cm3=62.4281b/f 1bar =10N/m2 11b =0.4536kg 1 atm =1.01325bar 11b/f3=0.016018g/cm3 1 Ibf/in.2 =6894.8Pa 1 lb/ft3 =16.018kgm3 1 lbf/in.2 =144 Ibf/ft2 1 atm =14.6961bfin.2 Length Energy and Specific Energy 1cm=0.3937in. 1J =1N·m=0.73756ft·1bf 1m=3.2808ft 1 kJ =73756ft·1bf 1in.=2.54cm 1 kJ =0.9478Btu 1 ft =0.3048m 1 kJ/kg 0.42992 Btu/lb 1ft·1bf=135582J Velocity 1 Btu =778.17ft·1bf 1 km/h =0.62137 mile/h 1 Btu =1.0551kJ 1 mile/h 1.6093 km/h 1 Btu/lb =2.326kJ/kg 1 kcal =4.1868kJ Volume Energy Transfer Rate 1cm3=0.061024in.3 1W =1J/s=3.413Btu/h 1m3 =35.315ft 1kW=1.341hp 1L =10-3m3 1Btu/h=0.293W 1L =0.0353ft 1 hp =2545Btu/h 1in.3 =16.387cm3 1 hp =550ft·1bfs 1 ft' =0.028317m 1hp =0.7457kW 1 gal =0.13368f 1gal=3.7854×10-3m3 Specific Heat 1kJ/kg·K=0.238846Btu/1b·R Force 1kcal/kg·K=1Btu/Ib·R 1Btu/1b·R=4.1868kJ/g·K 1N=1kg·m/s2 1N=0.224811bf Others 11bf=32.1741b·ft/s2 11bf=4.4482N 1 ton of refrigeration 200 Btu/min 211 kJ/min 1 volt 1 watt per ampere Constants Universal Gas Constant Standard Atmospheric Pressure 8.314kJ/kmol·K 1.01325bar R- 1545ft·1 bf/Ibmol.R 1 atm 14.696bfin.2 1.986Btu/bmol·R 760 mm Hg 29.92 in.Hg Standard Acceleration of Gravity Temperature Relations 9.80665m/s2 T(R)=1.8T(K) 8= 132.174f/s2 T(C)=T(K)-273.15 T(℉)=T(R)-459.67Mass and Density 1 kg 5 2.2046 lb 1 g/cm3 5 103 kg/m3 1 g/cm3 5 62.428 lb/ft3 1 lb 5 0.4536 kg 1 lb/ft3 5 0.016018 g/cm3 1 lb/ft3 5 16.018 kg/m3 Length 1 cm 5 0.3937 in. 1 m 5 3.2808 ft 1 in. 5 2.54 cm 1 ft 5 0.3048 m Velocity 1 km/h 5 0.62137 mile/h 1 mile/h 5 1.6093 km/h Volume 1 cm3 5 0.061024 in.3 1 m3 5 35.315 ft3 1 L 5 1023 m3 1 L 5 0.0353 ft3 1 in.3 5 16.387 cm3 1 ft3 5 0.028317 m3 1 gal 5 0.13368 ft3 1 gal 5 3.7854 3 1023 m3 Force 1 N 5 1 kg ? m/s2 1 N 5 0.22481 lbf 1 lbf 5 32.174 lb ? ft/s2 1 lbf 5 4.4482 N Conversion Factors Pressure 1 Pa 5 1 N/m2 5 1.4504 3 1024 lbf/in.2 1 bar 5 105 N/m2 1 atm 5 1.01325 bar 1 lbf/in.2 5 6894.8 Pa 1 lbf/in.2 5 144 lbf/ft2 1 atm 5 14.696 lbf/in.2 Energy and Specific Energy 1 J 5 1 N ? m 5 0.73756 ft ? lbf 1 kJ 5 737.56 ft ? lbf 1 kJ 5 0.9478 Btu 1 kJ/kg 5 0.42992 Btu/lb 1 ft ? lbf 5 1.35582 J 1 Btu 5 778.17 ft ? lbf 1 Btu 5 1.0551 kJ 1 Btu/lb 5 2.326 kJ/kg 1 kcal 5 4.1868 kJ Energy Transfer Rate 1 W 5 1 J/s 5 3.413 Btu/h 1 kW 5 1.341 hp 1 Btu/h 5 0.293 W 1 hp 5 2545 Btu/h 1 hp 5 550 ft ? lbf/s 1 hp 5 0.7457 kW Specific Heat 1 kJ/kg ? K 5 0.238846 Btu/lb ? 8R 1 kcal/kg ? K 5 1 Btu/lb ? 8R 1 Btu/lb ? 8R 5 4.1868 kJ/kg ? K Others 1 ton of refrigeration 5 200 Btu/min 5 211 kJ/min 1 volt 5 1 watt per ampere Universal Gas Constant R • 8.314 kJ/kmol K 1545 ft lbf/lbmol R 1.986 Btu/lbmol R Standard Acceleration of Gravity g e 9.80665 m/s 2 32.174 ft/s 2 Constants Standard Atmospheric Pressure 1 atm • 1.01325 bar 14.696 lbf/in.2 760 mm Hg 29.92 in. Hg Temperature Relations T1R2 1.8 T1K2 T1C2 T1K2  273.15 T1F2 T1R2  459.67