工程科学学报，第38卷，第5期：602608,2016年5月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.38,No.5:602-608,May 2016 D0l:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2016.05.002:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 富水充填材料蠕变及其硬化体内水分损失特征 刘娟红四，周茜”，赵向辉) 1)北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院，北京1000832)中交建筑设计研究院有限公司，北京100007 ☒通信作者，Email:juanhongl966@hotmail.com 摘要为探讨富水充填材料在时效作用下的变形及其硬化体内水分损失特征，本文研究一定水固质量比的富水充填材料 在不同应力水平下的蠕变性能，并通过扫描电镜观察、差热热重分析等实验探讨充填体在蠕变过程前后的形变特征、水分损 失及其与外界荷载的关系.结果表明：水固质量比为2.0的富水充填材料失稳破坏的临界应力为1.96MP,为其单轴抗压强 度的90%；蠕变不会对富水充填材料中结合水含量造成影响：富水充填材料失稳破坏时内部结构发生非结合水的流失，非结 合水含量损失相对值与所受荷载水平呈线性正相关关系：非结合水的流失导致结构内部出现更多的空隙，这些空隙在外界荷 载作用下会迅速被压密，产生较大变形，导致充填体局部失稳，进而影响采空区的整体稳定. 关键词采矿：充填材料：蠕变特征：硬化：水分损失 分类号TD823.7 Creep and water loss characteristics in hardening bodies of water-ich filling materials LIU Juan-hong,ZHOU Qian,ZHAO Xiang-hui) 1)School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)CCCC Architecture Design Institute Co.,Ld.,Beijing 100007,China Corresponding author,E-mail:juanhong1966@hotmail.com ABSTRACT In order to investigate the characteristics of deformation and water loss of hardened paste of water-rich filling material under aging effect,the creep property of water-rich filling materials with a certain mass ratio of water to solid was studied in different stress conditions.The deformation characteristics,water loss and its relationship with external load on the filling body in the process of creep were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy and differential thermal analysis-thermal gravimetry (DTA-TG).It is found that the instability and failure critical stress of water-rich filling materials with a 2.0 water-to-solid mass ratio is 1.96 MPa, which is 90%of their compressive strength.Creep cannot affect the content of combined water in water-rich filling materials.But un- bound water in water-rich filling materials can run off when instability and failure happen.The relative loss value of unbound water content is of linear positive correlation with the external load level.The loss of unbound water can induce more interspaces in water- rich filling materials.These cracks are quickly pressed and the hardening body produces large deformation under the external load, which leads to the local instability of the filling body and thus affects the overall stability of the goaf. KEY WORDS mining:filling materials;creep characteristics:hardening:water loss 随着对安全、环保以及矿业可持续发展意识的增 采技术的适用范围，又开发了高水充填材料；在高水材 强，人们逐渐认识到充填采矿法在控制地压、控制地表 料的基础上，研制出水体积可达95%以上的超高水材 沉降、提高资源回收率、促进矿山环保等方面具有重要 料-，这都在一定程度上降低了成本. 意义四.近年来，为进一步降低充填成本，扩大充填开 这些高水、超高水等富水充填材料硬化体主要由 收稿日期：201505-27 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51374036)工程科学学报，第 38 卷，第 5 期: 602--608，2016 年 5 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 38，No． 5: 602--608，May 2016 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2016． 05． 002; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 富水充填材料蠕变及其硬化体内水分损失特征 刘娟红1) ，周 茜1) ，赵向辉2) 1) 北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院，北京 100083 2) 中交建筑设计研究院有限公司，北京 100007  通信作者，E-mail: juanhong1966@ hotmail． com 摘 要 为探讨富水充填材料在时效作用下的变形及其硬化体内水分损失特征，本文研究一定水固质量比的富水充填材料 在不同应力水平下的蠕变性能，并通过扫描电镜观察、差热--热重分析等实验探讨充填体在蠕变过程前后的形变特征、水分损 失及其与外界荷载的关系． 结果表明: 水固质量比为 2. 0 的富水充填材料失稳破坏的临界应力为 1. 96 MPa，为其单轴抗压强 度的 90% ; 蠕变不会对富水充填材料中结合水含量造成影响; 富水充填材料失稳破坏时内部结构发生非结合水的流失，非结 合水含量损失相对值与所受荷载水平呈线性正相关关系; 非结合水的流失导致结构内部出现更多的空隙，这些空隙在外界荷 载作用下会迅速被压密，产生较大变形，导致充填体局部失稳，进而影响采空区的整体稳定． 关键词 采矿; 充填材料; 蠕变特征; 硬化; 水分损失 分类号 TD823. 7 Creep and water loss characteristics in hardening bodies of water-rich filling materials LIU Juan-hong1)  ，ZHOU Qian1) ，ZHAO Xiang-hui 2) 1) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China 2) CCCC Architecture Design Institute Co． ，Ltd． ，Beijing 100007，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: juanhong1966@ hotmail． com ABSTＲACT In order to investigate the characteristics of deformation and water loss of hardened paste of water-rich filling material under aging effect，the creep property of water-rich filling materials with a certain mass ratio of water to solid was studied in different stress conditions． The deformation characteristics，water loss and its relationship with external load on the filling body in the process of creep were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy and differential thermal analysis--thermal gravimetry ( DTA--TG) ． It is found that the instability and failure critical stress of water-rich filling materials with a 2. 0 water-to-solid mass ratio is 1. 96 MPa， which is 90% of their compressive strength． Creep cannot affect the content of combined water in water-rich filling materials． But un￾bound water in water-rich filling materials can run off when instability and failure happen． The relative loss value of unbound water content is of linear positive correlation with the external load level． The loss of unbound water can induce more interspaces in water￾rich filling materials． These cracks are quickly pressed and the hardening body produces large deformation under the external load， which leads to the local instability of the filling body and thus affects the overall stability of the goaf． KEY WOＲDS mining; filling materials; creep characteristics; hardening; water loss 收稿日期: 2015--05--27 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51374036) 随着对安全、环保以及矿业可持续发展意识的增 强，人们逐渐认识到充填采矿法在控制地压、控制地表 沉降、提高资源回收率、促进矿山环保等方面具有重要 意义［1］． 近年来，为进一步降低充填成本，扩大充填开 采技术的适用范围，又开发了高水充填材料; 在高水材 料的基础上，研制出水体积可达 95% 以上的超高水材 料［2--5］，这都在一定程度上降低了成本． 这些高水、超高水等富水充填材料硬化体主要由