(2)Dysfunction of renal tubules The secretion and reabsorption function are very important for maintain the homeostasis of internal environment Principal influencing factors O Renal tubular EC (may impaired by ischemia hypoxia, infection and toxins) 180Ld 2 Neuro-humoral factors (Aldosterone, ADH, ANP, PTH etc.) B Concentration and flow rate of the initial urine (ANP: atrium natriuretic peptide; PTH: parathyroid hormone) 1.5Ld 1111 (2) Dysfunction of renal tubules The secretion and reabsorption function are very important for maintain the homeostasis of internal environment l ) Principal influencing factors ① Renal tubular EC (may impaired by ischemia, hypoxia, infection and toxins) ② Neuro-humoral factors (Aldosterone, ADH, ANP, PTH etc.) ③ Concentration and flow rate of the initial urine (ANP: atrium natriuretic peptide; PTH: parathyroid hormone) 180L/d 99% 1.5L/d